The big cats house: snow leopards, jaguars, small cats and enrichment, sentence 1
The jaguar has the strongest bite of any big cat for its size, strong enough to crack a turtle's shell, and the clouded leopard can walk down a tree trunk head first like a squirrel.
Who acts: jaguar, clouded leopard · What happens: have, crack, cloud, walk down, bite · To what, where: strongest bite, shell, trunk head, big cat
This is a sentence of the lesson «The big cats house: snow leopards, jaguars, small cats and enrichment» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (jaguar, clouded leopard), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 jaguar | det |
| 2 | jaguar | jaguar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 has | nsubj |
| 3 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 bite | det |
| 5 | strongest | strong | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 6 bite | amod |
| 6 | bite | bite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 has | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 cat | case |
| 8 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 10 cat | det |
| 9 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 cat | amod |
| 10 | cat | cat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 bite | nmod |
| 11 | for | for | ADP | _ | 13 size | case |
| 12 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 size | nmod:poss |
| 13 | size | size | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 cat | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 strong | punct |
| 15 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 cat | parataxis |
| 16 | enough | enough | ADV | _ | 15 strong | advmod |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 crack | mark |
| 18 | crack | crack | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 strong | advcl |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 turtle | det |
| 20 | turtle | turtle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 shell | nmod:poss |
| 21 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 20 turtle | case |
| 22 | shell | shell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 crack | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 walk | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 walk | cc |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 leopard | det |
| 26 | clouded | cloud | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 leopard | amod |
| 27 | leopard | leopard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 walk | nsubj |
| 28 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 walk | aux |
| 29 | walk | walk | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 has | conj |
| 30 | down | down | ADP | _ | 29 walk | compound:prt |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 head | det |
| 32 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 trunk | compound |
| 33 | trunk | trunk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 head | compound |
| 34 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 walk | obl:unmarked |
| 35 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 29 walk | advmod |
| 36 | like | like | ADP | _ | 38 squirrel | case |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 squirrel | det |
| 38 | squirrel | squirrel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 walk | obl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 has | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- pos
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | the jaguar | the strongest bite of any big cat for cat's size | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bite=Patient | ||||
| 2 | crack | to-infinitive | the jaguar not said here | a turtle's shell | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location shell=Theme | ||||
| 3 | cloud | participle | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 4 | walk down | can | the clouded leopard | a trunk head | like a squirrel; first property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 5 | bite | any big cat for cat's size | nom bite «state transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:082-big-cats-house-snow-leopards-jaguars-small-cats.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/82-big-cats-house-snow-leopards-jaguars-small-cats/1/