The reptile house: snakes, sentence 7
Before shedding, a snake's eyes turn cloudy as the old skin over them loosens; snakes grow all their lives, but the outer skin cannot stretch, so they peel off the old skin whole, often inside out, eye caps and all.
Who acts: eyes, old skin, snakes, outer skin · What happens: shed, turn, loosen, grow, not stretch, peel off · To what, where: lives, old skin
This is a sentence of the lesson «The reptile house: snakes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (eyes, old skin, snakes, outer skin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Before | before | SCONJ | _ | 2 shedding | mark |
| 2 | shedding | shed | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 turn | advcl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 shedding | punct |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 snake | det |
| 5 | snake | snake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 6 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 5 snake | case |
| 7 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 turn | nsubj |
| 8 | turn | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | cloudy | cloudy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 turn | xcomp |
| 10 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 16 loosens | mark |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 skin | det |
| 12 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 skin | amod |
| 13 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 loosens | nsubj |
| 14 | over | over | ADP | _ | 15 them | case |
| 15 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 skin | nmod |
| 16 | loosens | loosen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 turn | advcl |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 grow | punct |
| 18 | snakes | snake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 grow | nsubj |
| 19 | grow | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 turn | parataxis |
| 20 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 22 lives | det:predet |
| 21 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 lives | nmod:poss |
| 22 | lives | life | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 grow | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 stretch | punct |
| 24 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 30 stretch | cc |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 skin | det |
| 26 | outer | outer | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 skin | amod |
| 27 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 stretch | nsubj |
| 28 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 30 stretch | aux |
| 29 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 30 stretch | advmod |
| 30 | stretch | stretch | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 turn | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 peel | punct |
| 32 | so | so | ADV | _ | 34 peel | advmod |
| 33 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 peel | nsubj |
| 34 | peel | peel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 stretch | conj |
| 35 | off | off | ADP | _ | 34 peel | compound:prt |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 skin | det |
| 37 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 skin | amod |
| 38 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 peel | obj |
| 39 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 peel | xcomp |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 out | punct |
| 41 | often | often | ADV | _ | 43 out | advmod |
| 42 | inside | inside | ADV | _ | 43 out | advmod |
| 43 | out | out | ADV | _ | 34 peel | advmod |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 caps | punct |
| 45 | eye | eye | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 caps | compound |
| 46 | caps | cap | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 out | obl |
| 47 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 all | cc |
| 48 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 46 caps | conj |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 turn | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shed | gerund | a snake's eyes not said here | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source | |||||
| 2 | turn | present | a snake's eyes | cloudy property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | loosen | present | the old skin over eyes | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | grow | present | snakes | eyes's lives | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location life=Theme | ||||
| 5 | not stretch | can | the outer skin | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 6 | peel off | present | eyes = eye | the old skin | out, whole property | vn pit-10.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:087-reptile-house-snakes.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×5. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/87-reptile-house-snakes/7/