The aquarium: the coral reef tank, sentence 16
Moray eels open and close their mouths to pump water over their gills, not to threaten, and they have a second pair of jaws in their throat that pull food in.
Who acts: Moray eels, eels, second pair · What happens: open, close, pump, not threaten, have, pull · To what, where: mouths, water, gills, second pair, food
This is a sentence of the lesson «The aquarium: the coral reef tank» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Moray eels, eels, second pair), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Moray | moray | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 eels | compound |
| 2 | eels | eel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 open | nsubj |
| 3 | open | open | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 have | conj |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 close | cc |
| 5 | close | close | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 open | conj |
| 6 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 mouths | nmod:poss |
| 7 | mouths | mouth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 close | obj |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 pump | mark |
| 9 | pump | pump | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 mouths | acl |
| 10 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 pump | obj |
| 11 | over | over | ADP | _ | 13 gills | case |
| 12 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 gills | nmod:poss |
| 13 | gills | gill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 pump | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 threaten | punct |
| 15 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 threaten | advmod |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 threaten | mark |
| 17 | threaten | threaten | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 pump | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 have | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 have | cc |
| 20 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 have | nsubj |
| 21 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 pair | det |
| 23 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 24 pair | amod |
| 24 | pair | pair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 have | obj |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 jaws | case |
| 26 | jaws | jaw | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 pair | nmod |
| 27 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 throat | case |
| 28 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 throat | nmod:poss |
| 29 | throat | throat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 jaws | nmod |
| 30 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 31 pull | nsubj |
| 31 | pull | pull | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 pair | acl:relcl |
| 32 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 pull | obj |
| 33 | in | in | ADV | _ | 31 pull | advmod |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 open | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | open | present | Moray eels | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | close | present | Moray eels not said here | eels's mouths | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mouth=Patient | ||||
| 3 | pump | to-infinitive | Moray eels not said here | water | eels's gills | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent water=Theme over gill=Destination | |||
| 4 | not threaten | to-infinitive | Moray eels not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | have | present | eels = eel | a second pair of jaws in eels's throat | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pair=Patient | ||||
| 6 | pull | present | a second pair of jaws in eels's throat | food | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:090-aquarium-the-coral-reef-tank.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/90-aquarium-the-coral-reef-tank/16/