The aquarium: jellyfish, octopuses, sea stars and the deep sea, sentence 16
Many deep-sea animals make their own light, called bioluminescence, to find food, lure prey and signal; the anglerfish dangles a glowing lure in front of its mouth.
Who acts: Many sea animals, anglerfish, animals · What happens: make, call, find, dangle, glow, light · To what, where: own light, food, glowing lure, front · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The aquarium: jellyfish, octopuses, sea stars and the deep sea» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many sea animals, anglerfish, animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 animals | amod |
| 2 | deep | deep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 sea | amod |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 deep | punct |
| 4 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 animals | compound |
| 5 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 make | nsubj |
| 6 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 light | nmod:poss |
| 8 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 light | amod |
| 9 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 make | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 bioluminescence | punct |
| 11 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 bioluminescence | amod |
| 12 | bioluminescence | bioluminescence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 light | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 find | punct |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 find | mark |
| 15 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 make | advcl |
| 16 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 find | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 prey | punct |
| 18 | lure | lure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 prey | compound |
| 19 | prey | prey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 food | conj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 signal | cc |
| 21 | signal | signal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 food | conj |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 dangles | punct |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 anglerfish | det |
| 24 | anglerfish | anglerfish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 dangles | nsubj |
| 25 | dangles | dangle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 make | parataxis |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 lure | det |
| 27 | glowing | glow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 28 lure | amod |
| 28 | lure | lure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 dangles | obj |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 front | case |
| 30 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 dangles | obl |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 mouth | case |
| 32 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 mouth | nmod:poss |
| 33 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 front | nmod |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 make | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present | Many sea animals | animals's own light and called bioluminescence | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Product | ||||
| 2 | call | participle | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | find | to-infinitive | Many sea animals not said here | food and lure prey and signal | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Topic | ||||
| 4 | dangle | present | the anglerfish | a glowing lure | front of anglerfish's mouth | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent lure=Theme in front=Destination | |||
| 5 | glow | gerund | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 6 | light | animals = animal | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:092-the-aquarium-jellyfish-octopuses-sea-stars-and-the-deep-sea.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/92-the-aquarium-jellyfish-octopuses-sea-stars-and-the-deep-sea/16/