The aviary: the walk-through tropical house, sentence 1
Every bird there shows a different way to live: hummingbirds hover like tiny helicopters at sugar water, a toucan tosses a grape up and catches it, a kookaburra laughs from a branch.
Who acts: bird, hummingbirds, toucan, kookaburra · What happens: show, live, hover, toss up, catch, laugh · To what, where: different way, sugar water, grape, branch
This is a sentence of the lesson «The aviary: the walk-through tropical house» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bird, hummingbirds, toucan, kookaburra), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 2 bird | det |
| 2 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 shows | nsubj |
| 3 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 shows | advmod |
| 4 | shows | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 way | det |
| 6 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 way | amod |
| 7 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 shows | obj |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 live | mark |
| 9 | live | live | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 way | acl |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 hover | punct |
| 11 | hummingbirds | hummingbird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 hover | nsubj |
| 12 | hover | hover | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 shows | parataxis |
| 13 | like | like | ADP | _ | 15 helicopters | case |
| 14 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 helicopters | amod |
| 15 | helicopters | helicopter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 hover | obl |
| 16 | at | at | ADP | _ | 18 water | case |
| 17 | sugar | sugar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 water | compound |
| 18 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 hover | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 tosses | punct |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 toucan | det |
| 21 | toucan | toucan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 tosses | nsubj |
| 22 | tosses | toss | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 hover | conj |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 grape | det |
| 24 | grape | grape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 tosses | obj |
| 25 | up | up | ADP | _ | 22 tosses | compound:prt |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 catches | cc |
| 27 | catches | catch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 tosses | conj |
| 28 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 catches | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 laughs | punct |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 kookaburra | det |
| 31 | kookaburra | kookaburra | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 laughs | nsubj |
| 32 | laughs | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 hover | conj |
| 33 | from | from | ADP | _ | 35 branch | case |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 branch | det |
| 35 | branch | branch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 laughs | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 shows | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | present | every bird | a different way | there | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent way=Recipient | |||
| 2 | live | to-infinitive | every bird not said here | a different way not said here | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | hover | present | hummingbirds | sugar water | like tiny helicopters | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at water=Location | |||
| 4 | toss up | present | a toucan | a grape | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grape=Patient | ||||
| 5 | catch | present | a toucan not said here | grape | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 6 | laugh | present | a kookaburra | a branch | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:093-the-aviary-the-walk-through-tropical-house.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/93-the-aviary-the-walk-through-tropical-house/1/