The insect house: ants, stick insects, tarantulas and scorpions, sentence 15
Millions of years ago, when the air held more oxygen, some dragonfly relatives had wings about 70 centimetres across.
Who acts: air, dragonfly relatives · What happens: hold, have · To what, where: more oxygen, Millions
This is a sentence of the lesson «The insect house: ants, stick insects, tarantulas and scorpions» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (air, dragonfly relatives), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Millions | million | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 had | obl:unmarked |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 3 years | case |
| 3 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Millions | nmod |
| 4 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 16 had | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 held | punct |
| 6 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 9 held | advmod |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 air | det |
| 8 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 held | nsubj |
| 9 | held | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 had | advcl |
| 10 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 11 oxygen | amod |
| 11 | oxygen | oxygen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 held | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 ago | punct |
| 13 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 15 relatives | det |
| 14 | dragonfly | dragonfly | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 relatives | compound |
| 15 | relatives | relative | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 had | nsubj |
| 16 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | wings | wing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 had | obj |
| 18 | about | about | ADV | _ | 19 70 | advmod |
| 19 | 70 | 70 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 20 centimetres | nummod |
| 20 | centimetres | centimetre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 wings | nmod:unmarked |
| 21 | across | across | ADV | _ | 20 centimetres | advmod |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 had | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hold | past | the air | more oxygen | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oxygen=Theme | ||||
| 2 | have | past | some dragonfly relatives | Millions of years | ago property | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wing=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:097-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/97-the-insect-house-ants-stick-insects-tarantulas-and-scorpions/15/