The Wind in the Willows, chapter I, part 3: The River Bank (the Otter, a glimpse of Badger, and Toad in his new boat), sentence 30
Toad is «a short, stout figure—splashing badly and rolling a good deal, but working his hardest»; when the Rat calls to him he shakes his head and keeps on rowing.
Who acts: Toad, Rat · What happens: be, splash, roll, work, call, shake · To what, where: short stout figure, good deal, Toad, head · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter I, part 3: The River Bank (the Otter, a glimpse of Badger, and Toad in his new boat)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Toad, Rat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Toad | toad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 figure | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 figure | cop |
| 3 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 8 figure | punct |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 figure | det |
| 5 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 figure | amod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 short | punct |
| 7 | stout | stout | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 figure | amod |
| 8 | figure | figure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 shakes | parataxis |
| 9 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 splashing | punct |
| 10 | splashing | splash | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 figure | appos |
| 11 | badly | badly | ADV | Degree=Pos | 10 splashing | advmod |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 rolling | cc |
| 13 | rolling | roll | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 10 splashing | conj |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 deal | det |
| 15 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 deal | amod |
| 16 | deal | deal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 rolling | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 working | punct |
| 18 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 19 working | cc |
| 19 | working | work | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 10 splashing | conj |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 hardest | nmod:poss |
| 21 | hardest | hard | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 22 » | amod |
| 22 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 8 figure | punct |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 calls | punct |
| 24 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 27 calls | advmod |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 Rat | det |
| 26 | Rat | Rat | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 calls | nsubj |
| 27 | calls | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 shakes | advcl |
| 28 | to | to | ADP | _ | 29 him | case |
| 29 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 calls | obl |
| 30 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 shakes | nsubj |
| 31 | shakes | shake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 32 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 head | nmod:poss |
| 33 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 shakes | obj |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 keeps | cc |
| 35 | keeps | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 shakes | conj |
| 36 | on | on | SCONJ | _ | 37 rowing | mark |
| 37 | rowing | row | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 35 keeps | advcl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 figure | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a in a quote | present | Toad | a short stout figure | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | splash in a quote | gerund | badly property | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | roll in a quote | gerund | a good deal | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent deal=Agent | |||||
| 4 | work in a quote | gerund | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | call | present | the Rat | Toad | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient | ||||
| 6 | shake | present | Toad | Toad's head | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | keep | present | Toad not said here | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 8 | row | gerund | Toad not said here | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:027-willows-ch1-part3-otter-badger-and-toad.lesson:30.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/27-willows-ch1-part3-otter-badger-and-toad/30/