The Wind in the Willows, chapter I, part 4: The River Bank (the Mole grabs the oars, the boat goes over, and a friendship begins), sentence 7
The Rat is laughing as he pushes him to shore with the oars under his arms.
Who acts: Rat · What happens: laugh, push, shore · To what, where: Mole, arms
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter I, part 4: The River Bank (the Mole grabs the oars, the boat goes over, and a friendship begins)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Rat | det |
| 2 | Rat | rat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 laughing | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 laughing | aux |
| 4 | laughing | laugh | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 7 pushes | mark |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 pushes | nsubj |
| 7 | pushes | push | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 laughing | advcl |
| 8 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 pushes | obj |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 shore | case |
| 10 | shore | shore | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 pushes | obl |
| 11 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 oars | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 oars | det |
| 13 | oars | oar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 shore | obl |
| 14 | under | under | ADP | _ | 16 arms | case |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 arms | nmod:poss |
| 16 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 shore | obl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 laughing | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | laugh | present · progressive | the Rat | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | push | present | Rat | Mole | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | ||||
| 3 | shore | infinitive | Mole's arms | with the oars | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:028-willows-ch1-part4-sploosh.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/28-willows-ch1-part4-sploosh/7/