The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 2: Mr. Badger (bad news of Toad, a winter promise, and two lost hedgehogs), sentence 13

«Busy» in his study, they say — which everyone knows means asleep in his arm-chair with a red handkerchief over his face.

Who acts: fines, everyone, Badger · What happens: say, know, mean, study · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 2: Mr. Badger (bad news of Toad, a winter promise, and two lost hedgehogs)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fines, everyone, Badger), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 Busy	punct
2	Busy	busy	X	_	14 means	dislocated
3	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 Busy	punct
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 study	case
5	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 study	nmod:poss
6	study	study	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Busy	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Busy	punct
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 say	nsubj
9	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 Busy	parataxis
10	—	-	PUNCT	_	9 say	punct
11	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 means	nsubj
12	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	13 knows	nsubj
13	knows	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 means	parataxis
14	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
15	asleep	asleep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 means	xcomp
16	in	in	ADP	_	20 chair	case
17	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	20 chair	nmod:poss
18	arm	arm	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 chair	compound
19	-	-	PUNCT	_	18 arm	punct
20	chair	chair	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 asleep	obl
21	with	with	ADP	_	24 handkerchief	case
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 handkerchief	det
23	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 handkerchief	amod
24	handkerchief	handkerchief	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 asleep	obl
25	over	over	ADP	_	27 face	case
26	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	27 face	nmod:poss
27	face	face	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 handkerchief	nmod
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 say	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed polarity=none

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	fines = fine		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	know	present	everyone		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
3	mean	present		Busy dislocated; asleep property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
4	study		Badger		nom study «act transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:038-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs.lesson:13.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs/13/