The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 2: Mr. Badger (bad news of Toad, a winter promise, and two lost hedgehogs), sentence 17
He thinks he is «a heaven-born driver» whom nobody can teach.
Who acts: Badger, nobody · What happens: think, bear, be, teach · To what, where: born driver · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 2: Mr. Badger (bad news of Toad, a winter promise, and two lost hedgehogs)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Badger, nobody), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 thinks | nsubj |
| 2 | thinks | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 driver | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 driver | cop |
| 5 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 10 driver | punct |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 driver | det |
| 7 | heaven | heaven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 born | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 born | punct |
| 9 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 driver | amod |
| 10 | driver | driver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 thinks | ccomp |
| 11 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 10 driver | punct |
| 12 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 teach | obj |
| 13 | nobody | nobody | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 15 teach | nsubj |
| 14 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 teach | aux |
| 15 | teach | teach | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 driver | acl:relcl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 thinks | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | present | Badger | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | bear in a quote | participle | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 3 | is a in a quote | present | Badger | a born driver | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | teach speech: other | can | nobody | a born driver | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent whom=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:038-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs/17/