The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 4: Mr. Badger (the city under the Wild Wood, and the way home), sentence 4

Long ago, he explains, there was a city of people here — rich, powerful builders who thought their city would last for ever.

Who acts: Badger, city, rich powerful builders · What happens: explain, be, think, last · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 4: Mr. Badger (the city under the Wild Wood, and the way home)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Badger, city, rich powerful builders), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	2 ago	advmod
2	ago	ago	ADV	_	5 explains	advmod
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 explains	punct
4	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 explains	nsubj
5	explains	explain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 was	punct
7	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	8 was	expl
8	was	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 explains	ccomp
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 city	det
10	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 was	nsubj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 people	case
12	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 city	nmod
13	here	here	ADV	PronType=Dem	12 people	advmod
14	—	-	PUNCT	_	8 was	punct
15	rich	rich	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 builders	amod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 rich	punct
17	powerful	powerful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 builders	amod
18	builders	builder	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 city	appos
19	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	20 thought	nsubj
20	thought	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 builders	acl:relcl
21	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	22 city	nmod:poss
22	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 last	nsubj
23	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	24 last	aux
24	last	last	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	20 thought	ccomp
25	for	for	ADP	_	26 ever	case
26	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	24 last	obl
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 explains	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	explain speech: assert	present	Badger		ago property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	be	past	a city of people	there		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	think speech: other	past	rich powerful builders			vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
4	last	would	builders's city			vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:040-willows-ch4-part4-the-city-under-the-wood.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/40-willows-ch4-part4-the-city-under-the-wood/4/