The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 3: Wayfarers All (the Sea Rat from Constantinople), sentence 7
The traveller greets the Rat «with a gesture of courtesy that had something foreign about it»; the Rat lets him rest «unquestioned», knowing «the value all animals attach at times to mere silent companionship».
Who acts: traveller, gesture, Rat, animals, courtesy · What happens: greet, have, let, rest, know, attach · To what, where: Rat, something, traveller, value · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 3: Wayfarers All (the Sea Rat from Constantinople)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (traveller, gesture, Rat, animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 traveller | det |
| 2 | traveller | traveller | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 greets | nsubj |
| 3 | greets | greet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 Rat | det |
| 5 | Rat | Rat | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 greets | obj |
| 6 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 9 gesture | punct |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 gesture | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 gesture | det |
| 9 | gesture | gesture | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 greets | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 courtesy | case |
| 11 | courtesy | courtesy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 gesture | nmod |
| 12 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 had | nsubj |
| 13 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 gesture | acl:relcl |
| 14 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 13 had | obj |
| 15 | foreign | foreign | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 something | amod |
| 16 | about | about | ADP | _ | 17 it | case |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 foreign | obl |
| 18 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 3 greets | punct |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 lets | punct |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 Rat | det |
| 21 | Rat | rat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 lets | nsubj |
| 22 | lets | let | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 greets | parataxis |
| 23 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 lets | obj |
| 24 | rest | rest | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 lets | xcomp |
| 25 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 26 unquestioned | punct |
| 26 | unquestioned | unquestioned | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 rest | xcomp |
| 27 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 26 unquestioned | punct |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 knowing | punct |
| 29 | knowing | know | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 lets | advcl |
| 30 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 29 knowing | punct |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 value | det |
| 32 | value | value | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 knowing | obj |
| 33 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 34 animals | det |
| 34 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 attach | nsubj |
| 35 | attach | attach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 value | acl:relcl |
| 36 | at | at | ADP | _ | 37 times | case |
| 37 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 attach | obl |
| 38 | to | to | ADP | _ | 41 companionship | case |
| 39 | mere | mere | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 companionship | amod |
| 40 | silent | silent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 companionship | amod |
| 41 | companionship | companionship | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 attach | obl |
| 42 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 35 attach | punct |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 greets | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | greet speech: greet | present | the traveller | the Rat | with a gesture of courtesy | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rat=Theme | |||
| 2 | have in a quote | past | a gesture of courtesy | something | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient | ||||
| 3 | let | present | the Rat | traveller | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | rest | infinitive | traveller not said here | unquestioned property | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | know | gerund | the Rat not said here | the value | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer value=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | attach in a quote | present | all animals | the value not said here | time | to mere silent companionship | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent value=Patient to companionship=Co-Patient | ||
| 7 | gesture in a quote | courtesy | nom gesture «act intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:058-willows-ch9-part3-the-sea-rat.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/58-willows-ch9-part3-the-sea-rat/7/