The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 4: The Further Adventures of Toad (the horse-pond, the chase and a face in the bank), sentence 40
Talk in this lesson: «gassing» (old British slang, used by Toad himself) = chattering, boasting; «delulu» = living in a dream; «I'm dead» = that's so funny; «fixin' to» (US South) = about to; «gadgie» (North East England) = a man, a bloke.
Who acts: you, gassing », I, that, », gadgie » · What happens: talk, gas, use, chatter, boast, live · To what, where: lesson, old British slang, dream, dead », fixin, man · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 4: The Further Adventures of Toad (the horse-pond, the chase and a face in the bank)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, gassing », I, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Talk | talk | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 lesson | case |
| 3 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 lesson | det |
| 4 | lesson | lesson | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Talk | obl |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 8 » | punct |
| 6 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 7 gassing | punct |
| 7 | gassing | gas | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 » | amod |
| 8 | » | » | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 lesson | conj |
| 9 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 12 slang | punct |
| 10 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 slang | amod |
| 11 | British | British | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 slang | amod |
| 12 | slang | slang | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 » | appos |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 used | punct |
| 14 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 slang | acl |
| 15 | by | by | ADP | _ | 16 Toad | case |
| 16 | Toad | Toad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 used | obl |
| 17 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 16 Toad | nmod |
| 18 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 12 slang | punct |
| 19 | = | = | PUNCT | _ | 20 chattering | punct |
| 20 | chattering | chatter | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 » | acl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 boasting | punct |
| 22 | boasting | boast | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 20 chattering | conj |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 » | punct |
| 24 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 25 delulu | punct |
| 25 | delulu | delulu | X | Foreign=Yes | 1 Talk | parataxis |
| 26 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 25 delulu | punct |
| 27 | = | = | PUNCT | _ | 28 living | punct |
| 28 | living | live | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 1 Talk | advcl |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 dream | case |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 dream | det |
| 31 | dream | dream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 living | obl |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 37 » | punct |
| 33 | « | « | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 I | reparandum |
| 34 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 37 » | nsubj |
| 35 | 'm | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 » | cop |
| 36 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 » | amod |
| 37 | » | » | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Talk | obl |
| 38 | = | = | PUNCT | _ | 42 funny | punct |
| 39 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 42 funny | nsubj |
| 40 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 42 funny | cop |
| 41 | so | so | ADV | _ | 42 funny | advmod |
| 42 | funny | funny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 » | parataxis |
| 43 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 45 fixin | punct |
| 44 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 45 fixin | punct |
| 45 | fixin | fixin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 = | obl |
| 46 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 45 fixin | punct |
| 47 | to | to | ADP | _ | 48 » | case |
| 48 | » | » | PROPN | Number=Sing | 53 = | nsubj |
| 49 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 51 South | punct |
| 50 | US | US | PROPN | Number=Sing | 51 South | compound |
| 51 | South | South | PROPN | Number=Sing | 48 » | appos |
| 52 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 51 South | punct |
| 53 | = | = | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 funny | advcl |
| 54 | about | about | ADP | _ | 53 = | obl |
| 55 | to | to | ADP | _ | 54 about | fixed |
| 56 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 65 = | punct |
| 57 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 58 gadgie | punct |
| 58 | gadgie | gadgie | NOUN | Number=Sing | 59 » | compound |
| 59 | » | » | NOUN | Number=Sing | 65 = | nsubj |
| 60 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 62 East | punct |
| 61 | North | North | PROPN | Number=Sing | 62 East | amod |
| 62 | East | East | PROPN | Number=Sing | 59 » | appos |
| 63 | England | England | PROPN | Number=Sing | 62 East | flat |
| 64 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 63 England | punct |
| 65 | = | = | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 53 = | conj |
| 66 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 67 man | det |
| 67 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 65 = | obj |
| 68 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 70 bloke | punct |
| 69 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 70 bloke | det |
| 70 | bloke | bloke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 67 man | appos |
| 71 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Talk | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | talk | imperative | you not said here | this lesson and gassing » | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | gas in a quote | gerund | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | use | participle | old British slang not said here | by Toad song | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | chatter | gerund | gassing » not said here | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | boast speech: other | gerund | gassing » not said here | vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | live | gerund | you not said here | a dream | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in dream=Location | ||||
| 7 | is a | present | I | dead » | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | is | present | that | funny property | tree rules | ||||
| 9 | = | past | » | fixin | tree rules | ||||
| 10 | = | past | gadgie » | a man | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:064-willows-ch10-part4-into-the-horse-pond.lesson:40.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/64-willows-ch10-part4-into-the-horse-pond/40/