The Wind in the Willows, chapter XI, part 1: «Like Summer Tempests Came His Tears» (home at the Rat's, a telling-off, and bad news), sentence 14
The chapter's title, «Like Summer Tempests Came His Tears», comes, changed a little, from a line in Tennyson's poem «The Princess»; a summer tempest is a sudden storm that soon passes — like Toad's quick tears.
Who acts: Summer Tempests, title, summer tempest, sudden storm, chapter · What happens: come, change, be, pass, title · To what, where: Tears, little, line, sudden storm · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter XI, part 1: «Like Summer Tempests Came His Tears» (home at the Rat's, a telling-off, and bad news)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Summer Tempests, title, summer tempest, sudden storm), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 chapter | det |
| 2 | chapter | chapter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 title | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 chapter | case |
| 4 | title | title | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 comes | nsubj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 Came | punct |
| 6 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 10 Came | punct |
| 7 | Like | like | ADP | _ | 9 Tempests | case |
| 8 | Summer | summer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 Tempests | compound |
| 9 | Tempests | tempest | PROPN | Number=Plur | 10 Came | nsubj |
| 10 | Came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 title | parataxis |
| 11 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 Tears | nmod:poss |
| 12 | Tears | tear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 Came | obj |
| 13 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 10 Came | punct |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 comes | punct |
| 15 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 comes | punct |
| 17 | changed | change | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 title | acl |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 little | det |
| 19 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 changed | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 line | punct |
| 21 | from | from | ADP | _ | 23 line | case |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 line | det |
| 23 | line | line | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 changed | obl |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 poem | case |
| 25 | Tennyson | Tennyson | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 poem | nmod:poss |
| 26 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 25 Tennyson | case |
| 27 | poem | poem | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 line | nmod |
| 28 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 30 Princess | punct |
| 29 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 Princess | det |
| 30 | Princess | princess | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 poem | appos |
| 31 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 30 Princess | punct |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 39 storm | punct |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 tempest | det |
| 34 | summer | summer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 tempest | compound |
| 35 | tempest | tempest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 storm | nsubj |
| 36 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 storm | cop |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 storm | det |
| 38 | sudden | sudden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 storm | amod |
| 39 | storm | storm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 comes | parataxis |
| 40 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 42 passes | nsubj |
| 41 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 42 passes | advmod |
| 42 | passes | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 storm | acl:relcl |
| 43 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 42 passes | punct |
| 44 | like | like | ADP | _ | 48 tears | case |
| 45 | Toad | Toad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 48 tears | nmod:poss |
| 46 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 45 Toad | case |
| 47 | quick | quick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 tears | amod |
| 48 | tears | tear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 passes | obl |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 comes | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come in a quote | past | Summer Tempests | title's Tears | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location tear=Theme | ||||
| 2 | come | present | the chapter's title | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | change | participle | the chapter's title not said here | a little | a line in Tennyson's poem | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V PP.material PP.result»: agent=Agent from line=Initial_State | |||
| 4 | is a | present | a summer tempest | a sudden storm | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | pass | present | a sudden storm | like Toad's quick tears; soon property | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | title | the chapter | nom title «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:065-willows-ch11-part1-why-steal-them.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/65-willows-ch11-part1-why-steal-them/14/