The Wind in the Willows, chapter XI, part 2: «Like Summer Tempests Came His Tears» (how Toad Hall was taken, a gun at the gate and a sunken boat), sentence 18

Mole and Badger were telling stories by the fire in the smoking-room; «They were unarmed, and taken by surprise, and what can two animals do against hundreds?» They were beaten with sticks and turned out into the cold and wet.

Who acts: Mole, two animals · What happens: tell, be, take, do, beat, turn out · To what, where: stories, Mole, cold · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter XI, part 2: «Like Summer Tempests Came His Tears» (how Toad Hall was taken, a gun at the gate and a sunken boat)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mole, two animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mole	Mole	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 telling	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 Badger	cc
3	Badger	Badger	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Mole	conj
4	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 telling	aux
5	telling	tell	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	stories	story	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 telling	obj
7	by	by	ADP	_	9 fire	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 fire	det
9	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 telling	obl
10	in	in	ADP	_	14 room	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 room	det
12	smoking	smoking	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 room	compound
13	-	-	PUNCT	_	12 smoking	punct
14	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 fire	nmod
15	;	;	PUNCT	_	19 unarmed	punct
16	«	«	SCONJ	_	19 unarmed	mark
17	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 unarmed	nsubj
18	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	19 unarmed	cop
19	unarmed	unarmed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 telling	parataxis
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 taken	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 taken	cc
22	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	19 unarmed	conj
23	by	by	ADP	_	24 surprise	case
24	surprise	surprise	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 taken	obl
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 do	punct
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	42 turned	cc
27	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	31 do	obj
28	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	31 do	aux
29	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	30 animals	nummod
30	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 do	nsubj
31	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 unarmed	conj
32	against	against	ADP	_	33 hundreds	case
33	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 do	obl
34	?	?	PUNCT	_	31 do	punct
35	»	»	SCONJ	_	38 beaten	mark
36	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	38 beaten	nsubj
37	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	38 beaten	aux:pass
38	beaten	beat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	42 turned	advcl
39	with	with	ADP	_	40 sticks	case
40	sticks	stick	NOUN	Number=Plur	38 beaten	obl
41	and	and	CCONJ	_	42 turned	cc
42	turned	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	19 unarmed	conj
43	out	out	ADP	_	42 turned	compound:prt
44	into	into	ADP	_	46 cold	case
45	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	46 cold	det
46	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	42 turned	obl
47	and	and	CCONJ	_	48 wet	cc
48	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	46 cold	conj
49	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 telling	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	past · progressive	Mole and Badger	stories		by the fire in the smoking room	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Agent story=Recipient clause=Topic
2	is in a quote	past	Mole			unarmed property	tree rules
3	take in a quote	participle	Mole not said here			by surprise	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	do in a quote	can	two animals			against hundreds	vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality
5	beat	past · passive		Mole		with sticks	vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with stick=Instrument
6	turn out	past	Mole not said here		the cold		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:066-willows-ch11-part2-the-wild-wooders-take-toad-hall.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/66-willows-ch11-part2-the-wild-wooders-take-toad-hall/18/