The Wind in the Willows, chapter XI, part 4: «Like Summer Tempests Came His Tears» (the secret passage, the birthday banquet and «learn 'em»), sentence 2
But Toad's father found the old passage, cleaned it out and showed it to Badger — with orders not to tell his son, who «simply cannot hold his tongue», unless he was ever in a real fix.
Who acts: father, son · What happens: find, clean out, show, not tell, not hold, be · To what, where: old passage, passage, Badger, son, tongue, real fix · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter XI, part 4: «Like Summer Tempests Came His Tears» (the secret passage, the birthday banquet and «learn 'em»)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 5 found | cc |
| 2 | Toad | Toad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 father | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 Toad | case |
| 4 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 found | nsubj |
| 5 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 passage | det |
| 7 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 passage | amod |
| 8 | passage | passage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 found | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 cleaned | punct |
| 10 | cleaned | clean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 found | conj |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 cleaned | obj |
| 12 | out | out | ADP | _ | 10 cleaned | compound:prt |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 showed | cc |
| 14 | showed | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 found | conj |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 showed | obj |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 Badger | case |
| 17 | Badger | Badger | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 showed | obl |
| 18 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 20 orders | punct |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 orders | case |
| 20 | orders | order | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 showed | obl |
| 21 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 23 tell | advmod |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 tell | mark |
| 23 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 orders | acl |
| 24 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 son | nmod:poss |
| 25 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 tell | iobj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 son | punct |
| 27 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 32 hold | nsubj |
| 28 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 32 hold | punct |
| 29 | simply | simply | ADV | _ | 32 hold | advmod |
| 30 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 hold | aux |
| 31 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 32 hold | advmod |
| 32 | hold | hold | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 son | acl:relcl |
| 33 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 tongue | nmod:poss |
| 34 | tongue | tongue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 hold | obj |
| 35 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 32 hold | punct |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 fix | punct |
| 37 | unless | unless | SCONJ | _ | 44 fix | mark |
| 38 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 44 fix | nsubj |
| 39 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 fix | cop |
| 40 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 44 fix | advmod |
| 41 | in | in | ADP | _ | 44 fix | case |
| 42 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 44 fix | det |
| 43 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 fix | amod |
| 44 | fix | fix | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 tell | advcl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 found | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find | past | Toad's father | the old passage | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent passage=Topic | ||||
| 2 | clean out | past | Toad's father not said here | passage | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient | ||||
| 3 | show | past | Toad's father not said here | passage | Badger | with orders | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Topic to badger=Recipient | ||
| 4 | not tell speech: assert | to-infinitive | Toad's father not said here | Toad's son | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent son=Recipient | ||||
| 5 | not hold in a quote | can | Toad's son | Toad's tongue | simply property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tongue=Theme | |||
| 6 | is a condition, not said to happen | past | father | a real fix | ever | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:068-willows-ch11-part4-the-secret-passage.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/68-willows-ch11-part4-the-secret-passage/2/