The Wind in the Willows, chapter XII, part 3: The Return of Ulysses (the invitations, «SPEECH BY TOAD» and «not one little song»), sentence 13
But, O dear, O dear, this is a hard world!» He leaves, pressing his handkerchief to his face.
Who acts: this, Toad · What happens: be, leave, press · To what, where: hard world, handkerchief
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter XII, part 3: The Return of Ulysses (the invitations, «SPEECH BY TOAD» and «not one little song»)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (this, Toad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 4 dear | cc |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 dear | punct |
| 3 | O | of | INTJ | Abbr=Yes | 4 dear | discourse |
| 4 | dear | dear | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 dear | punct |
| 6 | O | of | INTJ | Abbr=Yes | 7 dear | discourse |
| 7 | dear | dear | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 dear | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 world | punct |
| 9 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 13 world | nsubj |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 world | cop |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 world | det |
| 12 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 world | amod |
| 13 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 dear | parataxis |
| 14 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 13 world | punct |
| 15 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 13 world | punct |
| 16 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 leaves | nsubj |
| 17 | leaves | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 dear | parataxis |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 pressing | punct |
| 19 | pressing | press | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 leaves | advcl |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 handkerchief | nmod:poss |
| 21 | handkerchief | handkerchief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 pressing | obj |
| 22 | to | to | ADP | _ | 24 face | case |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 face | nmod:poss |
| 24 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 pressing | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 17 leaves | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | this | a hard world | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | leave in a quote | present | Toad | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | press in a quote | gerund | Toad not said here | Toad's handkerchief | to Toad's face | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent handkerchief=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:072-willows-ch12-part3-no-speeches-and-no-songs.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/72-willows-ch12-part3-no-speeches-and-no-songs/13/