The Wind in the Willows, chapter XII, part 3: The Return of Ulysses (the invitations, «SPEECH BY TOAD» and «not one little song»), sentence 22
«The Badger looked at him very suspiciously, but Toad's frank, open countenance made it difficult to suggest any unworthy motive» (countenance = face; motive = reason for doing something).
Who acts: Badger, frank open countenance, altar, reason · What happens: look, make, suggest, do · To what, where: altar, unworthy motive, something
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter XII, part 3: The Return of Ulysses (the invitations, «SPEECH BY TOAD» and «not one little song»)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Badger, frank open countenance, altar, reason), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 4 looked | punct |
| 2 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Badger | det |
| 3 | Badger | Badger | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 looked | nsubj |
| 4 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | at | at | ADP | _ | 6 him | case |
| 6 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 looked | obl |
| 7 | very | very | ADV | _ | 8 suspiciously | advmod |
| 8 | suspiciously | suspiciously | ADV | _ | 4 looked | advmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 made | punct |
| 10 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 17 made | cc |
| 11 | Toad | Toad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 countenance | nmod:poss |
| 12 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 11 Toad | case |
| 13 | frank | frank | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 countenance | amod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 countenance | punct |
| 15 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 countenance | amod |
| 16 | countenance | countenance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 made | nsubj |
| 17 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 looked | conj |
| 18 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 made | expl |
| 19 | difficult | difficult | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 made | xcomp |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 suggest | mark |
| 21 | suggest | suggest | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 difficult | xcomp |
| 22 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 24 motive | det |
| 23 | unworthy | unworthy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 motive | amod |
| 24 | motive | motive | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 suggest | obj |
| 25 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 21 suggest | punct |
| 26 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 27 countenance | punct |
| 27 | countenance | countenance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 » | appos |
| 28 | = | = | SYM | _ | 29 face | punct |
| 29 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 countenance | conj |
| 30 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 motive | punct |
| 31 | motive | motive | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 countenance | conj |
| 32 | = | = | PUNCT | _ | 33 reason | punct |
| 33 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 countenance | conj |
| 34 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 35 doing | mark |
| 35 | doing | do | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 33 reason | acl |
| 36 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 35 doing | obj |
| 37 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 27 countenance | punct |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 looked | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look in a quote | past | the Badger | at Toad; suspiciously property | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at he=Theme | ||||
| 2 | make in a quote | past | Toad's frank open countenance | altar | difficult property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | |||
| 3 | suggest speech: suggest in a quote | to-infinitive | altar not said here | any unworthy motive | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent motive=Topic | ||||
| 4 | do | gerund | reason not said here | something | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:072-willows-ch12-part3-no-speeches-and-no-songs.lesson:22.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×6, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/72-willows-ch12-part3-no-speeches-and-no-songs/22/