Just So Stories, How the First Letter Was Written, part 1: a broken spear and a picture on birch-bark, sentence 21
The Stranger-man believes his shark's tooth is magic and that anyone who touches it without leave will «swell up or burst»; when Taffy does not, he decides she is a very wonderful child.
Who acts: Stranger man, tooth, anyone, Taffy, animal · What happens: believe, be, touch, swell up, burst, not do · To what, where: tooth, wonderful child · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories, How the First Letter Was Written, part 1: a broken spear and a picture on birch-bark» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Stranger man, tooth, anyone, Taffy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 man | det |
| 2 | Stranger | stranger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 man | compound |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 Stranger | punct |
| 4 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 believes | nsubj |
| 5 | believes | believe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 shark | nmod:poss |
| 7 | shark | shark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 tooth | nmod:poss |
| 8 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 7 shark | case |
| 9 | tooth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 magic | nsubj |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 magic | cop |
| 11 | magic | magic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 believes | ccomp |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 touches | cc |
| 13 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 22 swell | mark |
| 14 | anyone | anyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 22 swell | nsubj |
| 15 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 touches | nsubj |
| 16 | touches | touch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 magic | conj |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 touches | obj |
| 18 | without | without | ADP | _ | 19 leave | case |
| 19 | leave | leave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 touches | obl |
| 20 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 swell | aux |
| 21 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 22 swell | punct |
| 22 | swell | swell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 touches | conj |
| 23 | up | up | ADP | _ | 22 swell | compound:prt |
| 24 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 25 burst | cc |
| 25 | burst | burst | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 swell | conj |
| 26 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 22 swell | punct |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 does | punct |
| 28 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 30 does | advmod |
| 29 | Taffy | Taffy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 does | nsubj |
| 30 | does | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 believes | parataxis |
| 31 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 30 does | advmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 decides | punct |
| 33 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 decides | nsubj |
| 34 | decides | decide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 does | conj |
| 35 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 child | nsubj |
| 36 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 child | cop |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 child | det |
| 38 | very | very | ADV | _ | 39 wonderful | advmod |
| 39 | wonderful | wonderful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 child | amod |
| 40 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 decides | ccomp |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 believes | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | believe | present | the Stranger man | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | is | present | man's shark's tooth | magic property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | touch | present | tooth | without leave | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme | ||||
| 4 | swell up in a quote | future | anyone | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | |||||
| 5 | burst in a quote | infinitive | anyone not said here | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | not do | present | Taffy | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | decide | present | Taffy | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 8 | is a | present | animal | a wonderful child | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:084-justso-first-letter-1-a-broken-spear.lesson:21.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/84-justso-first-letter-1-a-broken-spear/21/