Just So Stories, How the First Letter Was Written, part 3: «a great invention» and the road on Merrow Down, sentence 17
The laughing goes in order: the Head Chief, then the Stranger-man, then Tegumai «till he fell down flat on the bank», then all the Tribe; Teshumai and the ladies did not laugh.
Who acts: laughing, Teshumai · What happens: go, fall down, not laugh · To what, where: order, bank
This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories, How the First Letter Was Written, part 3: «a great invention» and the road on Merrow Down» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (laughing, Teshumai), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 laughing | det |
| 2 | laughing | laughing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 goes | nsubj |
| 3 | goes | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 order | case |
| 5 | order | order | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 goes | obl |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 Chief | punct |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Chief | det |
| 8 | Head | Head | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Chief | compound |
| 9 | Chief | Chief | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 order | appos |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 man | punct |
| 11 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 15 man | advmod |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 man | det |
| 13 | Stranger | stranger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 man | compound |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 Stranger | punct |
| 15 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 Chief | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 Tegumai | punct |
| 17 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 18 Tegumai | advmod |
| 18 | Tegumai | Tegumai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Chief | appos |
| 19 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 18 Tegumai | punct |
| 20 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 22 fell | mark |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 fell | nsubj |
| 22 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 Tegumai | advcl |
| 23 | down | down | ADV | _ | 24 flat | advmod |
| 24 | flat | flat | ADV | _ | 22 fell | advmod |
| 25 | on | on | ADP | _ | 27 bank | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 bank | det |
| 27 | bank | bank | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 fell | obl |
| 28 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 18 Tegumai | punct |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 Tribe | punct |
| 30 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 33 Tribe | advmod |
| 31 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 33 Tribe | det:predet |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 Tribe | det |
| 33 | Tribe | tribe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 Chief | conj |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 Teshumai | punct |
| 35 | Teshumai | Teshumai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 laugh | nsubj |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 ladies | cc |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 ladies | det |
| 38 | ladies | lady | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 Teshumai | conj |
| 39 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 laugh | aux |
| 40 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 41 laugh | advmod |
| 41 | laugh | laugh | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 goes | parataxis |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 goes | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | present | the laughing | order | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in order=Location | ||||
| 2 | fall down in a quote | past | laughing | the bank | flat property | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on bank=Location | |||
| 3 | not laugh | past · do-support | Teshumai and the ladies | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:086-justso-first-letter-3-a-great-invention.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/86-justso-first-letter-3-a-great-invention/17/