Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was Made, part 2: yo, so, sho, shi, and shu-ya, the sky-water, sentence 6
Daddy jokes with «shi», the word for spear, and draws it as one straight line: «Even Mummy couldn't mistake that for me being killed.» Taffy asks him not to tease.
Who acts: Daddy, «, Taffy · What happens: joke, draw, not mistake, kill, ask, not tease · To what, where: shi, spear, that, Daddy, Mummy · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was Made, part 2: yo, so, sho, shi, and shu-ya, the sky-water» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Daddy, «, Taffy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Daddy | Daddy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 jokes | nsubj |
| 2 | jokes | joke | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | with | with | ADP | _ | 6 » | case |
| 4 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 5 shi | punct |
| 5 | shi | shi | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 jokes | obl |
| 6 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 5 shi | punct |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 word | punct |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 word | det |
| 9 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 shi | appos |
| 10 | for | for | ADP | _ | 11 spear | case |
| 11 | spear | spear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 word | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 draws | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 draws | cc |
| 14 | draws | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 jokes | conj |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 draws | obj |
| 16 | as | as | ADP | _ | 19 line | case |
| 17 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 19 line | nummod |
| 18 | straight | straight | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 line | amod |
| 19 | line | line | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 draws | obl |
| 20 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 21 « | punct |
| 21 | « | « | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 mistake | nsubj |
| 22 | Even | even | ADV | _ | 23 Mummy | advmod |
| 23 | Mummy | Mummy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 mistake | nsubj |
| 24 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 mistake | aux |
| 25 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 26 mistake | advmod |
| 26 | mistake | mistake | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 jokes | parataxis |
| 27 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 26 mistake | obj |
| 28 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 31 killed | mark |
| 29 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 31 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 30 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 31 killed | aux:pass |
| 31 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 mistake | advcl |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 26 mistake | punct |
| 33 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 26 mistake | punct |
| 34 | Taffy | Taffy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 asks | nsubj |
| 35 | asks | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 jokes | parataxis |
| 36 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 asks | obj |
| 37 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 39 tease | advmod |
| 38 | to | to | PART | _ | 39 tease | mark |
| 39 | tease | tease | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 asks | xcomp |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 jokes | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | joke speech: other | present | Daddy | shi | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | draw | present | Daddy not said here | spear | as one straight line | vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent it=Result as line=Attribute | |||
| 3 | not mistake in a quote | could | « | that | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | kill in a quote | gerund · passive | Daddy | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 5 | ask speech: ask | present | Taffy | Mummy | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 6 | not tease not said to happen | to-infinitive | Taffy not said here | vn ferret-35.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:088-justso-alphabet-2-shu-ya-sky-water.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/88-justso-alphabet-2-shu-ya-sky-water/6/