Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was Made, part 3: «the Alphabet, all complete», and how letters really began, sentence 3
For «maru» they draw a shut mouth for the mum-sound, and for the rough rrr, a saw-edge like Daddy's shark-tooth saw, but with only one tooth, because the simpler the signs, the better for everybody.
Who acts: they · What happens: draw · To what, where: shut mouth
This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was Made, part 3: «the Alphabet, all complete», and how letters really began» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (they), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | ADP | _ | 3 maru | case |
| 2 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 3 maru | punct |
| 3 | maru | maru | X | Foreign=Yes | 6 draw | obl |
| 4 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 3 maru | punct |
| 5 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 draw | nsubj |
| 6 | draw | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 mouth | det |
| 8 | shut | shut | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 mouth | amod |
| 9 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 draw | obj |
| 10 | for | for | ADP | _ | 14 sound | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 sound | det |
| 12 | mum | mum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 sound | compound |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 mum | punct |
| 14 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 draw | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 draw | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 draw | cc |
| 17 | for | for | ADP | _ | 20 rrr | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 rrr | det |
| 19 | rough | rough | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 rrr | amod |
| 20 | rrr | rrr | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 draw | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 rrr | punct |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 edge | det |
| 23 | saw | saw | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 edge | compound |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 saw | punct |
| 25 | edge | edge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 mouth | conj |
| 26 | like | like | ADP | _ | 32 saw | case |
| 27 | Daddy | Daddy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 tooth | nmod:poss |
| 28 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 27 Daddy | case |
| 29 | shark | shark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 tooth | compound |
| 30 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 29 shark | punct |
| 31 | tooth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 saw | compound |
| 32 | saw | see | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 edge | nmod |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 better | punct |
| 34 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 47 better | cc |
| 35 | with | with | ADP | _ | 38 tooth | case |
| 36 | only | only | ADV | _ | 38 tooth | advmod |
| 37 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 38 tooth | nummod |
| 38 | tooth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 better | obl |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 signs | punct |
| 40 | because | because | SCONJ | ExtPos=ADP | 44 signs | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 simpler | det |
| 42 | simpler | simple | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 44 signs | amod |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 signs | det |
| 44 | signs | sign | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 tooth | conj |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 tooth | punct |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 better | det |
| 47 | better | good | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 6 draw | parataxis |
| 48 | for | for | ADP | _ | 49 everybody | case |
| 49 | everybody | everybody | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 47 better | obl |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 draw | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | draw | present | they | a shut mouth and a saw edge like tooth saw | for maru; for the mum sound; for the rough rrr | vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent mouth=Result for maru=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:089-justso-alphabet-3-the-alphabet-all-complete.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/89-justso-alphabet-3-the-alphabet-all-complete/3/