Chemistry What everything is made of: atoms, elements and the periodic table, molecules, solids, liquids and gases, melting and boiling, mixing and dissolving, oil and water, separating mixtures, changes that can and cannot be undone, cooking as chemistry, candles and fire.
The chemistry course of Mova's primary school: 37 lessons, 675 sentences, each sentence with its syntax tree and pragmatics. Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 (Mova corpus 0.4).
1 What is everything made of? 21 sentences · Cut a slice of cheese in half, then in half again, and again: the pieces get smaller, but you cannot go on f… 2 Elements and the famous members of the periodic table 19 sentences · An element is a substance made of only one kind of atom: gold is only gold atoms, oxygen only oxygen atoms. 3 Molecules: when atoms join up 20 sentences · Atoms rarely stay alone: they join up into groups called molecules, a bit like Lego bricks clicking together. 4 Solids, liquids and gases 17 sentences · Most things around us are solids, liquids or gases, and the difference is how their particles behave. 5 Melting, freezing, boiling and condensing 17 sentences · Water can be ice, liquid water or invisible water vapour, and it moves between these states when it is heate… 6 Mixing and dissolving 16 sentences · Water molecules crowd round each tiny sugar molecule and carry it off into the liquid, so the sugar is still… 7 Oil and water, and things that won't mix 15 sentences · Pour oil into a glass of water and it sits on top in its own layer, however long you wait. 8 Separating mixtures 15 sentences · A mixture is things mixed together but not joined, so you can get them apart again if you pick the right tri… 9 Changes you can undo and changes you can't 17 sentences · Some changes can be undone: melt chocolate and let it set, and it is chocolate again; fold a paper aeroplane… 10 Cooking is chemistry 17 sentences · Every kitchen is a chemistry lab: heat, acid and water change food into new substances with new tastes, smel… 11 The candle and what burning is 17 sentences · A candle looks simple, but it is a little chemistry factory: the flame melts the wax, the liquid wax climbs… 12 Fire: what it needs and how to put it out 19 sentences · A fire needs three things at once: fuel to burn, heat to keep it going, and oxygen from the air; this is the… 13 Rust: iron's slow fire 19 sentences · Leave a bike out in the rain all winter and its chain and bolts turn orange-brown and flaky. 14 Tarnish and how metals change 18 sentences · Grandma's best silver spoons come out of the drawer dull and almost black, even though nobody has used them. 15 Acids in the kitchen 22 sentences · Suck a slice of lemon and your whole face screws up. 16 Alkalis and soda, and how they cancel acids 21 sentences · Lick a lemon and it is sour; taste a tiny pinch of baking soda and it is bitter and soapy. 17 Indicators: the red-cabbage rainbow 21 sentences · Chop red cabbage, soak it in hot water, and you get a purple juice. 18 The fizz: vinegar, lemon and soda 21 sentences · Pour vinegar onto a heap of baking soda and it froths up like a witch's cauldron. 19 Fizzy drinks, Mentos and cola 20 sentences · Twist the cap of a fizzy drink and it hisses. 20 Gases all around: breath and balloons 19 sentences · Your breath is full of invisible gases: water vapour, which turns to tiny droplets on the cold glass, and ca… 21 Bread rising: yeast at work 19 sentences · Mum leaves a bowl of bread dough by the radiator, and an hour later it has puffed up to twice its size. 22 Milk, cheese and yoghurt 17 sentences · Leave a glass of milk on a sunny windowsill and by evening it smells sour and has lumps in it. 23 Browning apples, rotting and mould 19 sentences · Cut an apple for your lunchbox and by break time the white flesh has gone brown. 24 Soap and why washing works 19 sentences · After pizza your fingers are greasy, and rinsing under the tap does almost nothing: water and grease do not… 25 Cleaning chemicals and safety at home 19 sentences · Open the cupboard under the kitchen sink and you will find bottles of real, strong chemicals: bleach, toilet… 26 Colours of fire: fireworks 17 sentences · Each colour comes from a different metal packed into the firework, the way each paint in a box has its own c… 27 Dyes, inks and colouring 19 sentences · Squash a blueberry on your T-shirt and the purple mark refuses to wash out. 28 Leaves, fruit and colour in nature 18 sentences · In autumn you kick through piles of yellow, orange and red leaves. 29 Plastics: useful and stubborn 18 sentences · Look round your kitchen: a water bottle, a lunchbox, a toy brick, the handle of a toothbrush. 30 Glass and pottery 17 sentences · A window pane is made of sand. 31 Metals and what they're good for 19 sentences · Leave a metal spoon in hot soup and soon the handle is too hot to hold, while a wooden spoon stays cool. 32 Recycling: giving materials a second life 17 sentences · After dinner you rinse a tin, flatten a cereal box and drop a bottle into the right bin. 33 The air we breathe 19 sentences · Wave your hand fast and you feel something push back: air. 34 Water: the most amazing liquid 16 sentences · Water looks plain, but it is a very strange liquid. 35 Famous discoveries told as stories 16 sentences · Great discoveries are often stories of patience and luck. 36 Olympiad: kitchen chemistry puzzles ★★★ 15 sentences · This olympiad lesson turns the kitchen into a puzzle room: each question joins two ideas from the course, an… 37 Olympiad: everyday chemistry detectives ★★★ 20 sentences · Out of the kitchen and into the house, the garden and the street: these puzzles make you a chemistry detecti… ← previous Booksnext → Chinese street↑ back to the school This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/