Grandparents, aunties and uncles — how families address elders, sentence 11
lǎoye («LAOW-yeh») is grandad on mum's side in the north; in the south he is wàigōng, where wài means outside, from an old custom families today do not mean unkindly.
Who acts: child, wài, families · What happens: be, mean, not mean · To what, where: LAOW grandad, side, wàigōng, south, old custom
This is a sentence of the lesson «Grandparents, aunties and uncles — how families address elders» of the chinese street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (child, wài, families), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lǎoye | lǎoye | INTJ | _ | 10 grandad | discourse |
| 2 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 4 LAOW | punct |
| 3 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 4 LAOW | punct |
| 4 | LAOW | LAOW | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 grandad | compound |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 yeh | punct |
| 6 | yeh | yeh | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 » | det |
| 7 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 4 LAOW | punct |
| 8 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 7 » | punct |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 grandad | cop |
| 10 | grandad | grandad | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 side | case |
| 12 | mum | mum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 side | nmod:poss |
| 13 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 12 mum | case |
| 14 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 grandad | nmod |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 north | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 north | det |
| 17 | north | north | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 side | nmod |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 wàigōng | punct |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 south | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 south | det |
| 21 | south | south | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 wàigōng | obl |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 wàigōng | nsubj |
| 23 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 wàigōng | cop |
| 24 | wàigōng | wàigōng | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 grandad | parataxis |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 means | punct |
| 26 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 28 means | advmod |
| 27 | wài | wài | X | Foreign=Yes | 28 means | nsubj |
| 28 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 wàigōng | advcl |
| 29 | outside | outside | ADV | _ | 28 means | advmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 families | punct |
| 31 | from | from | ADP | _ | 34 custom | case |
| 32 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 custom | det |
| 33 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 custom | amod |
| 34 | custom | custom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 means | obl |
| 35 | families | family | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 mean | nsubj |
| 36 | today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 mean | obl:unmarked |
| 37 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 mean | aux |
| 38 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 39 mean | advmod |
| 39 | mean | mean | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 custom | acl:relcl |
| 40 | unkindly | unkindly | ADV | _ | 39 mean | advmod |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 grandad | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | LAOW grandad | mum's side in the north | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | child | wàigōng | the south | tree rules | |||
| 3 | mean | present | wài | a old custom | outside property | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | |||
| 4 | not mean | present · do-support | families | a old custom not said here | today | unkindly property | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent custom=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chinese-street:010-grandparents-aunties-uncles.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chinese-street/10-grandparents-aunties-uncles/11/