Spring Festival — Chinese New Year, sentence 11
"bāo jiǎozi" means making dumplings; families fold them together on New Year's Eve, and a coin hidden in one brings luck to whoever bites it.
Who acts: bāo jiǎozi, families, coin, whoever · What happens: mean, make, fold, hide, bring, bite · To what, where: dumplings, Eve, coin, luck
This is a sentence of the lesson «Spring Festival — Chinese New Year» of the chinese street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bāo jiǎozi, families, coin, whoever), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 jiǎozi | punct |
| 2 | bāo | bāo | X | _ | 3 jiǎozi | flat:foreign |
| 3 | jiǎozi | jiǎozi | X | _ | 5 means | nsubj |
| 4 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 jiǎozi | punct |
| 5 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | making | make | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 means | xcomp |
| 7 | dumplings | dumpling | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 making | obj |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 10 fold | punct |
| 9 | families | family | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 fold | nsubj |
| 10 | fold | fold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 means | parataxis |
| 11 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 fold | obj |
| 12 | together | together | ADV | _ | 10 fold | advmod |
| 13 | on | on | ADP | _ | 17 Eve | case |
| 14 | New | New | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 Year | compound |
| 15 | Year | Year | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Eve | nmod:poss |
| 16 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 15 Year | case |
| 17 | Eve | Eve | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 fold | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 brings | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 brings | cc |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 coin | det |
| 21 | coin | coin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 brings | nsubj |
| 22 | hidden | hide | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 coin | acl |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 one | case |
| 24 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 22 hidden | obl |
| 25 | brings | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 means | conj |
| 26 | luck | luck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 brings | obj |
| 27 | to | to | SCONJ | _ | 29 bites | mark |
| 28 | whoever | whoever | PRON | PronType=Rel | 29 bites | nsubj |
| 29 | bites | bite | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 brings | advcl |
| 30 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 bites | obj |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 means | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | bāo jiǎozi | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | make not said to happen | gerund | bāo jiǎozi not said here | dumplings | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset dumpling=Product | ||||
| 3 | fold | present | families | dumplings = dumpling | New Year's Eve | together property | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent they=Patient | ||
| 4 | hide | participle | a coin not said here | in one | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in one=Location | ||||
| 5 | bring | present | a coin | luck | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent luck=Theme | ||||
| 6 | bite | present | whoever | luck | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chinese-street:025-spring-festival.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chinese-street/25-spring-festival/11/