Olympiad: tone detectives and number puzzles ★★★, sentence 12
Some pairs of words differ only by tone: mǎi (buy) and mài (sell), wèn (ask) and wěn (kiss), tāng (soup) and táng (sweets), māo (cat) and máo (fur).
Who acts: pairs · What happens: differ, ask
This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: tone detectives and number puzzles ★★★» of the chinese street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pairs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 2 pairs | det |
| 2 | pairs | pair | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 differ | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 words | case |
| 4 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 pairs | nmod |
| 5 | differ | differ | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | only | only | ADV | _ | 5 differ | advmod |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 8 tone | case |
| 8 | tone | tone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 differ | obl |
| 9 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 mǎi | punct |
| 10 | mǎi | mǎi | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 tone | conj |
| 11 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 12 buy | punct |
| 12 | buy | buy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 mǎi | appos |
| 13 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 12 buy | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 mài | cc |
| 15 | mài | mài | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 mǎi | conj |
| 16 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 17 sell | punct |
| 17 | sell | sell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 tone | appos |
| 18 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 17 sell | punct |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 wèn | punct |
| 20 | wèn | wèn | NOUN | Abbr=Yes Number=Plur | 8 tone | conj |
| 21 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 22 ask | punct |
| 22 | ask | ask | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 5 differ | parataxis |
| 23 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 22 ask | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 wěn | cc |
| 25 | wěn | wěn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 differ | conj |
| 26 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 27 kiss | punct |
| 27 | kiss | kiss | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 wěn | appos |
| 28 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 27 kiss | punct |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 tāng | punct |
| 30 | tāng | tāng | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 wěn | conj |
| 31 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 32 soup | punct |
| 32 | soup | soup | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 tāng | appos |
| 33 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 32 soup | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 táng | cc |
| 35 | táng | táng | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 tāng | conj |
| 36 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 37 sweets | punct |
| 37 | sweets | sweet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 táng | appos |
| 38 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 37 sweets | punct |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 māo | punct |
| 40 | māo | māo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 wěn | conj |
| 41 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 42 cat | punct |
| 42 | cat | cat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 māo | appos |
| 43 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 42 cat | punct |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 máo | cc |
| 45 | máo | máo | NOUN | Abbr=Yes Number=Plur | 25 wěn | conj |
| 46 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 47 fur | punct |
| 47 | fur | fur | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 máo | appos |
| 48 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 47 fur | punct |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 differ | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | differ | present | some pairs of words | by tone and mǎi and mài and wèn | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | infinitive | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chinese-street:031-olympiad-tone-and-number-puzzles.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R8-pos-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chinese-street/31-olympiad-tone-and-number-puzzles/12/