Names and "how old are you?", sentence 16
Lǎo Lǐ (old Li, said «láo lǐ» because of the two dips) is a warm name grown-ups use for a man their age or older; a child calls him Lǐ shūshu (Uncle Li).
Who acts: Lǎo, ups, child · What happens: say, be, grow, use, call · To what, where: warm name, Lǎo · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Names and "how old are you?"» of the chinese street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lǎo, ups, child), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lǎo | Lǎo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 name | nsubj |
| 2 | Lǐ | Lǐ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Lǎo | flat |
| 3 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 5 Li | punct |
| 4 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 Li | amod |
| 5 | Li | li | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Lǎo | appos |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Lǎo | punct |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 name | parataxis |
| 8 | « | « | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 10 lǐ | nsubj |
| 9 | láo | láo | X | Foreign=Yes | 10 lǐ | flat:foreign |
| 10 | lǐ | lǐ | X | _ | 7 said | ccomp |
| 11 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 10 lǐ | punct |
| 12 | because | because | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 16 dips | case |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 because | fixed |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 dips | det |
| 15 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 16 dips | nummod |
| 16 | dips | dip | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 lǐ | nmod |
| 17 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 10 lǐ | punct |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 name | cop |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 name | det |
| 20 | warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 name | amod |
| 21 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 22 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 name | compound |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 24 ups | punct |
| 24 | ups | up | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 use | nsubj |
| 25 | use | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 name | acl:relcl |
| 26 | for | for | ADP | _ | 28 man | case |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 man | det |
| 28 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 use | obl |
| 29 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 age | nmod:poss |
| 30 | age | age | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 man | nmod |
| 31 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 32 older | cc |
| 32 | older | old | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 30 age | conj |
| 33 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 36 calls | punct |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 child | det |
| 35 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 calls | nsubj |
| 36 | calls | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 name | conj |
| 37 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 calls | obj |
| 38 | Lǐ | Lǐ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 calls | obj |
| 39 | shūshu | shūshu | X | Foreign=Yes | 38 Lǐ | dep |
| 40 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 42 Li | punct |
| 41 | Uncle | uncle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 Li | compound |
| 42 | Li | li | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 Lǐ | appos |
| 43 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 42 Li | punct |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 21 name | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | is a | present | Lǎo | a warm name | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | grow | participle | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | use | present | ups | a warm name not said here | for a man ups's age | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent name=Theme for man=Eventuality | |||
| 5 | call | present | a child | Lǎo | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme lǐ=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chinese-street:005-names-and-how-old.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chinese-street/5-names-and-how-old/16/