Names and "how old are you?", sentence 4
Grown-ups have their own rules: they ask each other «nín guì xìng?» (your honourable surname?), call younger friends Xiǎo Wáng (little Wang) and old mates Lǎo Lǐ (old Li), with warmth, not rudeness.
Who acts: Grown ups, ups, younger friends · What happens: grow, have, ask, xìng, call, rule · To what, where: own rules · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Names and "how old are you?"» of the chinese street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Grown ups, ups, younger friends), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 ups | amod |
| 2 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 1 Grown | punct |
| 3 | ups | up | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 have | nsubj |
| 4 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 rules | nmod:poss |
| 6 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 rules | amod |
| 7 | rules | rule | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 have | obj |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 ask | punct |
| 9 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 ask | nsubj |
| 10 | ask | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 have | parataxis |
| 11 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 12 other | det |
| 12 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 « | nsubj |
| 13 | « | « | X | _ | 10 ask | parataxis |
| 14 | nín | nín | X | Foreign=Yes | 13 « | flat |
| 15 | guì | guì | X | Foreign=Yes | 13 « | flat |
| 16 | xìng | xìng | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 « | goeswith |
| 17 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 13 « | punct |
| 18 | » | » | X | _ | 13 « | goeswith |
| 19 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 22 surname | punct |
| 20 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 surname | nmod:poss |
| 21 | honourable | honourable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 surname | amod |
| 22 | surname | surname | X | _ | 13 « | flat |
| 23 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 22 surname | punct |
| 24 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 22 surname | punct |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 call | punct |
| 26 | call | call | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 10 ask | conj |
| 27 | younger | young | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 28 friends | amod |
| 28 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 call | obj |
| 29 | Xiǎo | Xiǎo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 friends | appos |
| 30 | Wáng | Wáng | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 Xiǎo | flat |
| 31 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 33 Wang | punct |
| 32 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 Wang | amod |
| 33 | Wang | Wang | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 Xiǎo | appos |
| 34 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 33 Wang | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 mates | cc |
| 36 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 mates | amod |
| 37 | mates | mate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 friends | conj |
| 38 | Lǎo | Lǎo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 Lǐ | compound |
| 39 | Lǐ | Lǐ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 mates | appos |
| 40 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 42 Li | punct |
| 41 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 Li | amod |
| 42 | Li | Li | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 Lǐ | appos |
| 43 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 42 Li | punct |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 warmth | punct |
| 45 | with | with | ADP | _ | 46 warmth | case |
| 46 | warmth | warmth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 call | obl |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 rudeness | punct |
| 48 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 49 rudeness | advmod |
| 49 | rudeness | rudeness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 warmth | conj |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 have | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | participle | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | have | present | Grown ups | ups's own rules | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Patient | ||||
| 3 | ask speech: ask | present | ups = up | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | xìng in a quote | gerund | tree rules | ||||||
| 5 | call | infinitive | younger friends and old mates | with warmth and rudeness | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | rule | ups = up | nom rule «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chinese-street:005-names-and-how-old.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chinese-street/5-names-and-how-old/4/