i before e, silent letters and other famous traps, sentence 22
The s in «island» was added by scholars who wrongly linked the word to Latin «insula»; it was never spoken.
Who acts: scholars · What happens: add, link, not speak · To what, where: s, word · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «i before e, silent letters and other famous traps» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (scholars), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 s | det |
| 2 | s | s | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 added | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 island | case |
| 4 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 5 island | punct |
| 5 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 s | nmod |
| 6 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 5 island | punct |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 added | aux:pass |
| 8 | added | add | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 9 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 scholars | case |
| 10 | scholars | scholar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 added | obl:agent |
| 11 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 linked | nsubj |
| 12 | wrongly | wrongly | ADV | _ | 13 linked | advmod |
| 13 | linked | link | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 scholars | acl:relcl |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 word | det |
| 15 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 linked | obj |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 Latin | case |
| 17 | Latin | Latin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 word | nmod |
| 18 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 19 insula | punct |
| 19 | insula | insula | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 linked | obl |
| 20 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 19 insula | punct |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 spoken | punct |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 spoken | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 spoken | aux:pass |
| 24 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 25 spoken | advmod |
| 25 | spoken | speak | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 added | parataxis |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 added | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | add speech: assert | past · passive | scholars | the s in island | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | link | past | scholars | the word | to Latin; insula obl; wrongly property | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent word=Patient to latin=Co-Patient | |||
| 3 | not speak speech: other | past · passive | s | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:010-i-before-e-silent-letters-and-famous-traps.lesson:22.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/10-i-before-e-silent-letters-and-famous-traps/22/