Prefixes: un-, dis-, mis-, re-, pre-, in-, im-, il-, ir-, sentence 5

Several prefixes mean «not», and the first letter of the root often picks which: im- before m or p (impossible, immature), il- before l (illegal, illogical), ir- before r (irregular, irresponsible), in- for many others (incorrect, invisible), and un- for very many common words (unhappy, unkind).

Who acts: Several prefixes, first letter · What happens: mean, pick, letter · To what, where: root

This is a sentence of the lesson «Prefixes: un-, dis-, mis-, re-, pre-, in-, im-, il-, ir-» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Several prefixes, first letter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Several	several	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 prefixes	amod
2	prefixes	prefix	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 mean	nsubj
3	mean	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 not	punct
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	3 mean	obj
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 not	punct
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 picks	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 picks	cc
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 letter	det
10	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	11 letter	amod
11	letter	letter	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 picks	nsubj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 root	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 root	det
14	root	root	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 letter	nmod
15	often	often	ADV	_	16 picks	advmod
16	picks	pick	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 mean	conj
17	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	16 picks	obj
18	:	:	PUNCT	_	17 which	punct
19	im	im	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 picks	ccomp
20	-	-	PUNCT	_	19 im	punct
21	before	before	ADP	_	22 m	case
22	m	M	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 im	obl
23	or	or	CCONJ	_	24 p	cc
24	p	p	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 m	conj
25	(	(	PUNCT	_	26 impossible	punct
26	impossible	impossible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 immature	amod
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 immature	punct
28	immature	immature	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 m	appos
29	)	)	PUNCT	_	28 immature	punct
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 il	punct
31	il	il	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 m	nmod:unmarked
32	-	-	PUNCT	_	34 l	punct
33	before	before	ADP	_	34 l	case
34	l	l	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 il	nmod
35	(	(	PUNCT	_	36 illegal	punct
36	illegal	illegal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 l	amod
37	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 illogical	punct
38	illogical	illogical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	36 illegal	conj
39	)	)	PUNCT	_	36 illegal	punct
40	,	,	PUNCT	_	41 ir	punct
41	ir	ir	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 l	appos
42	-	-	PUNCT	_	41 ir	punct
43	before	before	ADP	_	44 r	case
44	r	r	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 ir	nmod
45	(	(	PUNCT	_	46 irregular	punct
46	irregular	irregular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	44 r	appos
47	,	,	PUNCT	_	48 irresponsible	punct
48	irresponsible	irresponsible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	46 irregular	conj
49	)	)	PUNCT	_	46 irregular	punct
50	,	,	PUNCT	_	55 others	punct
51	in	in	ADP	_	55 others	case
52	-	-	PUNCT	_	51 in	punct
53	for	for	ADP	_	55 others	case
54	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	55 others	amod
55	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	44 r	conj
56	(	(	PUNCT	_	57 incorrect	punct
57	incorrect	incorrect	ADJ	Degree=Pos	55 others	amod
58	,	,	PUNCT	_	59 invisible	punct
59	invisible	invisible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	57 incorrect	conj
60	)	)	PUNCT	_	57 incorrect	punct
61	,	,	PUNCT	_	63 un	punct
62	and	and	CCONJ	_	63 un	cc
63	un	un	NOUN	Number=Sing	57 incorrect	conj
64	-	-	PUNCT	_	63 un	punct
65	for	for	ADP	_	69 words	case
66	very	very	ADV	_	67 many	advmod
67	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	69 words	amod
68	common	common	ADJ	Degree=Pos	69 words	amod
69	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	63 un	nmod
70	(	(	PUNCT	_	71 unhappy	punct
71	unhappy	unhappy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	69 words	appos
72	,	,	PUNCT	_	73 unkind	punct
73	unkind	unkind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	71 unhappy	conj
74	)	)	PUNCT	_	71 unhappy	punct
75	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 mean	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Several prefixes			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent not=Topic
2	pick	present	the first letter of the root		often property	vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Patient
3	letter			the root		nom letter «communication transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:012-prefixes-un-dis-mis-re-pre-in-im-il-ir.lesson:5.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×6, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/12-prefixes-un-dis-mis-re-pre-in-im-il-ir/5/