Words to know, Years 3–4 (the statutory list, by idea), sentence 14
And the real test of a word is using it in your own sentence: «Although it rained, we still played» shows you can spell «although» and also know what it means.
Who acts: real test, it, we, you, test, your · What happens: use, rain, play, show, spell, know · To what, where: e-i-g-h, own sentence, word · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Words to know, Years 3–4 (the statutory list, by idea)» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (real test, it, we, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 using | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 test | det |
| 3 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 test | amod |
| 4 | test | test | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 using | nsubj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 word | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 word | det |
| 7 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 test | nmod |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 using | aux |
| 9 | using | use | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 10 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 using | obj |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 sentence | case |
| 12 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 sentence | nmod:poss |
| 13 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 sentence | amod |
| 14 | sentence | sentence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 using | obl |
| 15 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 using | punct |
| 16 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 23 played | punct |
| 17 | Although | although | SCONJ | _ | 19 rained | mark |
| 18 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 rained | nsubj |
| 19 | rained | rain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 played | advcl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 rained | punct |
| 21 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 played | nsubj |
| 22 | still | still | ADV | _ | 23 played | advmod |
| 23 | played | play | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 shows | csubj |
| 24 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 23 played | punct |
| 25 | shows | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 using | parataxis |
| 26 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 28 spell | nsubj |
| 27 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 spell | aux |
| 28 | spell | spell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 shows | ccomp |
| 29 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 30 although | punct |
| 30 | although | although | SCONJ | _ | 28 spell | obj |
| 31 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 30 although | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 know | cc |
| 33 | also | also | ADV | _ | 34 know | advmod |
| 34 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 shows | conj |
| 35 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 37 means | obj |
| 36 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 means | nsubj |
| 37 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 know | ccomp |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 using | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | present · progressive | the real test of a word | e-i-g-h | your own sentence | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | |||
| 2 | rain in a quote | past | it | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» | |||||
| 3 | play in a quote | past | we | still | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | show | present | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 5 | spell | can | you | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent although=Theme | |||||
| 6 | know | infinitive | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||||
| 7 | mean | present | test | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic | |||||
| 8 | test | a word | nom test «cognition transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 9 | sentence | your | nom sentence «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:013-words-to-know-years-3-4.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/13-words-to-know-years-3-4/14/