How to learn spellings that stick, sentence 9

Memory tricks, mnemonics, work for the hardest words («Big Elephants Can Always Understand Small Elephants» for because); rules work for most of the rest.

Who acts: Memory tricks, Big Elephants, rules · What happens: work, understand · To what, where: Small Elephants · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «How to learn spellings that stick» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Memory tricks, Big Elephants, rules), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Memory	memory	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 tricks	compound
2	tricks	trick	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 work	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 mnemonics	punct
4	mnemonics	mnemonic	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 tricks	conj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 work	punct
6	work	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	for	for	ADP	_	10 words	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 words	det
9	hardest	hard	ADJ	Degree=Sup	10 words	amod
10	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 work	obl
11	(	(	PUNCT	_	17 Understand	punct
12	«	«	PUNCT	_	17 Understand	punct
13	Big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 Elephants	amod
14	Elephants	elephant	PROPN	Number=Plur	17 Understand	nsubj
15	Can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	17 Understand	aux
16	Always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	17 Understand	advmod
17	Understand	understand	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	10 words	parataxis
18	Small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 Elephants	amod
19	Elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 Understand	obj
20	»	»	PUNCT	_	22 because	punct
21	for	for	ADP	_	22 because	case
22	because	because	SCONJ	_	19 Elephants	nmod
23	)	)	PUNCT	_	22 because	punct
24	;	;	PUNCT	_	26 work	punct
25	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 work	nsubj
26	work	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 work	parataxis
27	for	for	ADP	_	28 most	case
28	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	26 work	obl
29	of	of	ADP	_	31 rest	case
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 rest	det
31	rest	rest	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 most	nmod
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 work	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	work	present	Memory tricks and mnemonics		for the hardest words	vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for word=Beneficiary
2	understand in a quote	can	Big Elephants	Small Elephants	always property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer elephant=Stimulus
3	work	present	rules		for most of the rest	vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for most=Beneficiary

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:015-how-to-learn-spellings-that-stick.lesson:9.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/15-how-to-learn-spellings-that-stick/9/