Reading for pleasure and the reading book at home, sentence 15

Studies have found that children who read for pleasure tend to know more words and do better at school, though it is hard to measure exactly how much the reading itself causes.

Who acts: Studies, children, reading · What happens: find, read, tend, know, do, be · To what, where: more words, school · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Reading for pleasure and the reading book at home» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Studies, children, reading), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Studies	study	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 found	nsubj
2	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 found	aux
3	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	10 tend	mark
5	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 tend	nsubj
6	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 read	nsubj
7	read	read	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 children	acl:relcl
8	for	for	ADP	_	9 pleasure	case
9	pleasure	pleasure	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 read	obl
10	tend	tend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 found	ccomp
11	to	to	PART	_	12 know	mark
12	know	know	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 tend	xcomp
13	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	14 words	amod
14	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 know	obj
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 do	cc
16	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 know	conj
17	better	well	ADV	Degree=Cmp	16 do	advmod
18	at	at	ADP	_	19 school	case
19	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 do	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 hard	punct
21	though	though	SCONJ	_	24 hard	mark
22	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 hard	expl
23	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 hard	cop
24	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 know	conj
25	to	to	PART	_	26 measure	mark
26	measure	measure	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	24 hard	csubj
27	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	29 much	advmod
28	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	29 much	advmod
29	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 causes	amod
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 reading	det
31	reading	reading	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 causes	nsubj
32	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes	31 reading	nmod:unmarked
33	causes	cause	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 measure	obj
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 found	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	find	present · perfect	Studies				vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	read	present	children			for pleasure	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	tend	present	children				tree rules
4	know	to-infinitive	children not said here	more words			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus
5	do	infinitive	children not said here		school	well property	vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	is	present	children not said here			hard property	tree rules
7	measure	to-infinitive					vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme
8	cause		the reading pleasure				tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:016-reading-for-pleasure-and-the-reading-book-at-home.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/16-reading-for-pleasure-and-the-reading-book-at-home/15/