Inference: reading between the lines, sentence 23

Slang: «tamping» (Wales) means furious; «lowkey» means a bit, or secretly; «it's giving bitter» (Gen Z) means it seems bitter.

Who acts: Slang, lowkey, giving, it · What happens: mean, give, seem · To what, where: bit, bitter · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Inference: reading between the lines» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Slang, lowkey, giving, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Slang	slang	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 means	nsubj
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	1 Slang	punct
3	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 tamping	punct
4	tamping	tamping	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 means	nsubj
5	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 tamping	punct
6	(	(	PUNCT	_	7 Wales	punct
7	Wales	Wales	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 tamping	appos
8	)	)	PUNCT	_	7 Wales	punct
9	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	furious	furious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 means	xcomp
11	;	;	PUNCT	_	15 means	punct
12	«	«	PUNCT	_	13 lowkey	punct
13	lowkey	lowkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 means	nsubj
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	13 lowkey	punct
15	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 means	parataxis
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 bit	det
17	bit	bit	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 means	obj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 secretly	punct
19	or	or	CCONJ	_	20 secretly	cc
20	secretly	secretly	ADV	_	15 means	conj
21	;	;	PUNCT	_	32 means	punct
22	«	«	PUNCT	_	25 giving	punct
23	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 giving	nsubj
24	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 giving	aux
25	giving	give	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	32 means	csubj
26	bitter	bitter	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 giving	obj
27	»	»	PUNCT	_	25 giving	punct
28	(	(	PUNCT	_	30 Z	punct
29	Gen	gen	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 Z	compound
30	Z	z	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 giving	parataxis
31	)	)	PUNCT	_	30 Z	punct
32	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 means	parataxis
33	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	34 seems	nsubj
34	seems	seem	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 means	ccomp
35	bitter	bitter	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 seems	xcomp
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Slang	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Slang		furious property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
2	mean	present	lowkey	a bit		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bit=Topic
3	give in a quote	present · progressive	lowkey	bitter		tree rules
4	mean	present	giving			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
5	seem	present	it		bitter property	vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:018-inference-reading-between-the-lines.lesson:23.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/18-inference-reading-between-the-lines/23/