Author's choices: why this word, why this way, sentence 10
Why's that, my lover?» («proper job» is West Country for well done, and «my lover» is just a friendly way to say mate.) The posh voice can make the baddie seem cold and powerful.
Who acts: that, proper job, lover, posh voice, baddie · What happens: be, do, say, make, seem · To what, where: lover, West Country, friendly way, mate · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Author's choices: why this word, why this way» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (that, proper job, lover, posh voice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 6 lover | advmod |
| 2 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 lover | cop |
| 3 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 6 lover | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 lover | punct |
| 5 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 lover | nmod:poss |
| 6 | lover | lover | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 make | parataxis |
| 7 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 6 lover | punct |
| 8 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 6 lover | punct |
| 9 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 16 Country | punct |
| 10 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 12 job | punct |
| 11 | proper | proper | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 job | amod |
| 12 | job | job | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 Country | nsubj |
| 13 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 12 job | punct |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 Country | cop |
| 15 | West | West | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Country | compound |
| 16 | Country | Country | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 make | parataxis |
| 17 | for | for | ADP | _ | 19 done | case |
| 18 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 19 done | advmod |
| 19 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 Country | acl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 way | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 way | cc |
| 22 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 24 lover | punct |
| 23 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 lover | nmod:poss |
| 24 | lover | lover | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 way | nsubj |
| 25 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 24 lover | punct |
| 26 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 way | cop |
| 27 | just | just | ADV | _ | 30 way | advmod |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 way | det |
| 29 | friendly | friendly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 way | amod |
| 30 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 Country | conj |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 say | mark |
| 32 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 way | acl |
| 33 | mate | mate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 say | obj |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 Country | punct |
| 35 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 16 Country | punct |
| 36 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 voice | det |
| 37 | posh | posh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 voice | amod |
| 38 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 make | nsubj |
| 39 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 40 make | aux |
| 40 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 baddie | det |
| 42 | baddie | baddie | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 seem | nsubj |
| 43 | seem | seem | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 40 make | xcomp |
| 44 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 seem | xcomp |
| 45 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 powerful | cc |
| 46 | powerful | powerful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 cold | conj |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 40 make | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed indirect=0, polarity=none, voice=narrator
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | that | my lover | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | proper job | West Country and a friendly way | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | do in a quote | participle | West Country and a friendly way not said here | well property | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | is a in a quote | present | my lover | a friendly way | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | say speech: assert in a quote | to-infinitive | proper job not said here | mate | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent mate=Topic | ||||
| 6 | make in a quote | can | the posh voice | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | seem in a quote | infinitive | the baddie | cold property | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:021-authors-choices-why-this-word-why-this-way.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/21-authors-choices-why-this-word-why-this-way/10/