Persuasive letters, newspaper articles and diaries, sentence 4
Surely you agree?» It gives reasons in order (firstly, secondly) and ends with a question that doesn't need an answer, a rhetorical question, which makes the reader feel they should agree.
Who acts: you, exercise, question, rhetorical question, reader, reasons · What happens: agree, give, end, not need, make, feel · To what, where: reasons, order, answer · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Persuasive letters, newspaper articles and diaries» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, exercise, question, rhetorical question), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Surely | surely | ADV | _ | 3 agree | advmod |
| 2 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 3 agree | nsubj |
| 3 | agree | agree | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 gives | advcl |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 agree | punct |
| 5 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 3 agree | punct |
| 6 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 gives | nsubj |
| 7 | gives | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | reasons | reason | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 gives | obj |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 order | case |
| 10 | order | order | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 gives | obl |
| 11 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 12 firstly | punct |
| 12 | firstly | firstly | ADV | _ | 14 secondly | advmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 firstly | punct |
| 14 | secondly | secondly | ADV | _ | 7 gives | parataxis |
| 15 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 14 secondly | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 ends | cc |
| 17 | ends | end | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 gives | conj |
| 18 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 question | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 question | det |
| 20 | question | question | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 ends | obl |
| 21 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 24 need | nsubj |
| 22 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 need | aux |
| 23 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 24 need | advmod |
| 24 | need | need | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 question | acl:relcl |
| 25 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 answer | det |
| 26 | answer | answer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 need | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 question | punct |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 question | det |
| 29 | rhetorical | rhetorical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 question | amod |
| 30 | question | question | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 question | appos |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 makes | punct |
| 32 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 33 makes | nsubj |
| 33 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 question | acl:relcl |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 reader | det |
| 35 | reader | reader | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 feel | nsubj |
| 36 | feel | feel | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 makes | xcomp |
| 37 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 agree | nsubj |
| 38 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 39 agree | aux |
| 39 | agree | agree | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 feel | ccomp |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 gives | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | agree speech: agree | present | you | surely property | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | give in a quote | present | exercise | reasons | order | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Theme | |||
| 3 | end in a quote | present | exercise not said here | with a question | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality PP.subeventuality»: agent=Affector with question=Subeventuality | ||||
| 4 | not need in a quote | present · do-support | a question | a answer | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot answer=Theme | ||||
| 5 | make in a quote | present | a rhetorical question | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | feel in a quote | infinitive | the reader | vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 7 | agree speech: agree in a quote | should | reasons = reason | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:024-persuasive-letters-newspaper-articles-and-diaries.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/24-persuasive-letters-newspaper-articles-and-diaries/4/