Word classes: the jobs words do, sentence 32
Slang: «bare» (London) means lots of; «arvo» (Australia) means afternoon; «yeah nah» (Australia, New Zealand) means no or not really; «well» before a describing word (Britain) means very, as in «well good».
Who acts: Slang, arvo · What happens: mean, describe · To what, where: lots, no, good · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Word classes: the jobs words do» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Slang, arvo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Slang | slang | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 means | nsubj |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 4 bare | punct |
| 3 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 4 bare | punct |
| 4 | bare | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 means | nsubj |
| 5 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 4 bare | punct |
| 6 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 7 London | punct |
| 7 | London | London | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 bare | appos |
| 8 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 7 London | punct |
| 9 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | lots | lot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 means | obj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 lots | nmod |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 9 means | punct |
| 13 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 14 arvo | punct |
| 14 | arvo | arvo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 means | nsubj |
| 15 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 14 arvo | punct |
| 16 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 17 Australia | punct |
| 17 | Australia | Australia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 arvo | appos |
| 18 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 17 Australia | punct |
| 19 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 means | parataxis |
| 20 | afternoon | afternoon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 means | obj |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 « | punct |
| 22 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 24 nah | punct |
| 23 | yeah | yeah | INTJ | _ | 19 means | discourse |
| 24 | nah | nah | INTJ | _ | 32 means | nsubj |
| 25 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 24 nah | punct |
| 26 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 27 Australia | punct |
| 27 | Australia | Australia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 nah | appos |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 Zealand | punct |
| 29 | New | New | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 Zealand | amod |
| 30 | Zealand | Zealand | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 Australia | conj |
| 31 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 27 Australia | punct |
| 32 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 means | parataxis |
| 33 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 32 means | obj |
| 34 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 36 really | cc |
| 35 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 36 really | advmod |
| 36 | really | really | ADV | _ | 40 » | advmod |
| 37 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 40 » | punct |
| 38 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 39 well | punct |
| 39 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 48 means | nsubj |
| 40 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 39 well | punct |
| 41 | before | before | ADP | _ | 44 word | case |
| 42 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 44 word | det |
| 43 | describing | describe | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 44 word | amod |
| 44 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 means | obl |
| 45 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 46 Britain | punct |
| 46 | Britain | Britain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 word | appos |
| 47 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 46 Britain | punct |
| 48 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 means | ccomp |
| 49 | very | very | ADV | _ | 48 means | advmod |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 « | punct |
| 51 | as | as | ADP | _ | 53 « | case |
| 52 | in | in | ADP | _ | 51 as | fixed |
| 53 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 55 good | punct |
| 54 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 55 good | advmod |
| 55 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 means | obj |
| 56 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 55 good | punct |
| 57 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Slang | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | Slang | lots | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Topic | ||||
| 2 | mean | present | arvo | afternoon | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | mean | present | no | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | describe | gerund | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | mean | present | good | before a describing word | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent good=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:027-word-classes-the-jobs-words-do.lesson:32.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R6-punct-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/27-word-classes-the-jobs-words-do/32/