Fronted adverbials, sentence 23
Slang: «my lover» (West Country) is a friendly way to say love or mate; «lowkey» means secretly or a bit; «bussin'» means really good; «y'all» (southern US) means you all.
Who acts: Slang, love, lowkey · What happens: be, say, mean · To what, where: friendly way, you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Fronted adverbials» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Slang, love, lowkey), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Slang | slang | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 way | nsubj |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 5 lover | punct |
| 3 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 5 lover | punct |
| 4 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 lover | nmod:poss |
| 5 | lover | lover | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Slang | conj |
| 6 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 5 lover | punct |
| 7 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 9 Country | punct |
| 8 | West | West | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Country | compound |
| 9 | Country | Country | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 lover | appos |
| 10 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 9 Country | punct |
| 11 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 way | cop |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 way | det |
| 13 | friendly | friendly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 way | amod |
| 14 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 say | mark |
| 16 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 way | acl |
| 17 | love | love | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 say | obj |
| 18 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 19 mate | cc |
| 19 | mate | mate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 love | conj |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 lowkey | punct |
| 21 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 22 lowkey | punct |
| 22 | lowkey | lowkey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 means | nsubj |
| 23 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 22 lowkey | punct |
| 24 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 way | parataxis |
| 25 | secretly | secretly | ADV | _ | 24 means | advmod |
| 26 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 28 bit | cc |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 bit | det |
| 28 | bit | bit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 secretly | conj |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 bussin | punct |
| 30 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 31 bussin | punct |
| 31 | bussin | bussin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 bit | appos |
| 32 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 31 bussin | punct |
| 33 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 31 bussin | punct |
| 34 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 means | conj |
| 35 | really | really | ADV | _ | 36 good | advmod |
| 36 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 means | xcomp |
| 37 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 38 « | punct |
| 38 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 39 y'all | punct |
| 39 | y'all | y'all | ADV | _ | 45 means | nsubj |
| 40 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 39 y'all | punct |
| 41 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 43 US | punct |
| 42 | southern | southern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 US | amod |
| 43 | US | US | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 y'all | appos |
| 44 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 43 US | punct |
| 45 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 means | parataxis |
| 46 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 45 means | obj |
| 47 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 46 you | nmod:unmarked |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Slang | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Slang and my lover | a friendly way | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | to-infinitive | love or mate | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | mean | present | lowkey | secretly property | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | mean | present | lowkey not said here | good property | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | mean | present | you | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:029-fronted-adverbials.lesson:23.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/29-fronted-adverbials/23/