Tricky words and common exception words, sentence 2

They are odd mostly because they are old: the way people say them changed over hundreds of years, and the spelling stayed behind.

Who acts: Schools, people, way, spelling · What happens: be, say, change, stay · To what, where: Schools, hundreds · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Tricky words and common exception words» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Schools, people, way, spelling), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 odd	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 odd	cop
3	odd	odd	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	8 old	advmod
5	because	because	SCONJ	_	8 old	mark
6	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 old	nsubj
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 old	cop
8	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 odd	advcl
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	13 say	punct
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 way	det
11	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 changed	nsubj
12	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 say	nsubj
13	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 way	acl:relcl
14	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 say	obj
15	changed	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 old	conj
16	over	over	ADP	_	17 hundreds	case
17	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 changed	obl
18	of	of	ADP	_	19 years	case
19	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 hundreds	nmod
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 stayed	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 stayed	cc
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 spelling	det
23	spelling	spelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 stayed	nsubj
24	stayed	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 odd	conj
25	behind	behind	ADV	_	24 stayed	advmod
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 odd	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	Schools = school			odd property	tree rules
2	is	present	Schools = school			mostly, old property	tree rules
3	say speech: assert	present	people	Schools = school			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent they=Topic
4	change	past	the way		hundreds of years		vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	stay	past	the spelling			behind property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:003-tricky-words-and-common-exception-words.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/3-tricky-words-and-common-exception-words/2/