Tense consistency and verb forms, sentence 1

A story is like a film shot from one seat in the cinema: if you write "I went to the park and I see a dog", the camera jumps from yesterday to now and the reader wobbles, so you keep one tense unless the time really changes.

Who acts: story, you, I, camera, reader, time · What happens: be, write, go, see, jump, wobble · To what, where: one seat, park, dog, one tense · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Tense consistency and verb forms» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (story, you, I, camera), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 story	det
2	story	story	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 shot	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 shot	cop
4	like	like	ADP	_	7 shot	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 shot	det
6	film	film	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 shot	compound
7	shot	shot	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	from	from	ADP	_	10 seat	case
9	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 seat	nummod
10	seat	seat	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 shot	nmod
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 cinema	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 cinema	det
13	cinema	cinema	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 seat	nmod
14	:	:	PUNCT	_	33 jumps	punct
15	if	if	SCONJ	_	17 write	mark
16	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	17 write	nsubj
17	write	write	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	33 jumps	advcl
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	20 went	punct
19	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	20 went	nsubj
20	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 write	ccomp
21	to	to	ADP	_	23 park	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 park	det
23	park	park	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 went	obl
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 see	cc
25	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	26 see	nsubj
26	see	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 went	conj
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	28 dog	det
28	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 see	obj
29	"	"	PUNCT	_	20 went	punct
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 write	punct
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 camera	det
32	camera	camera	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 jumps	nsubj
33	jumps	jump	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 shot	parataxis
34	from	from	ADP	_	35 yesterday	case
35	yesterday	yesterday	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 jumps	obl:unmarked
36	to	to	ADP	_	37 now	case
37	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	33 jumps	obl
38	and	and	CCONJ	_	41 wobbles	cc
39	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	40 reader	det
40	reader	reader	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 wobbles	nsubj
41	wobbles	wobble	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	33 jumps	conj
42	,	,	PUNCT	_	45 keep	punct
43	so	so	ADV	_	45 keep	advmod
44	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	45 keep	nsubj
45	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	33 jumps	parataxis
46	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	47 tense	nummod
47	tense	tense	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 keep	xcomp
48	unless	unless	SCONJ	_	52 changes	mark
49	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	50 time	det
50	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	52 changes	nsubj
51	really	really	ADV	_	52 changes	advmod
52	changes	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	45 keep	advcl
53	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 shot	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	a story		one seat in the cinema		like a film shot	tree rules
2	write a condition, not said to happen	present	you					vn say-37.7-1 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	go in a quote	past	I		the park			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to park=Initial_Location
4	see in a quote	present	I	a dog				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer dog=Stimulus
5	jump	present	the camera			yesterday		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to now=Result
6	wobble	present	the reader					vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
7	keep	present	you	one tense				vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
8	change a condition, not said to happen	present	the time					vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:031-tense-consistency-and-verb-forms.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/31-tense-consistency-and-verb-forms/1/