Tense consistency and verb forms, sentence 6
The simple present ("I run") is used for habits and things that are generally true; the present progressive ("I am running") is for something happening right now.
Who acts: Lancashire gran, things, present progressive · What happens: run, use, be, happen · To what, where: simple present
This is a sentence of the lesson «Tense consistency and verb forms» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lancashire gran, things, present progressive), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 present | det |
| 2 | simple | simple | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 present | amod |
| 3 | present | present | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 used | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 7 run | punct |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 run | punct |
| 6 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 run | nsubj |
| 7 | run | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 present | acl:relcl |
| 8 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 run | punct |
| 9 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 7 run | punct |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 used | aux:pass |
| 11 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 12 | for | for | ADP | _ | 13 habits | case |
| 13 | habits | habit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 used | obl |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 things | cc |
| 15 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 habits | conj |
| 16 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 true | nsubj |
| 17 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 true | cop |
| 18 | generally | generally | ADV | _ | 19 true | advmod |
| 19 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 things | acl:relcl |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 something | punct |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 progressive | det |
| 22 | present | present | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 progressive | amod |
| 23 | progressive | progressive | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 something | nsubj |
| 24 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 28 running | punct |
| 25 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 28 running | punct |
| 26 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 28 running | nsubj |
| 27 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 running | aux |
| 28 | running | run | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 23 progressive | appos |
| 29 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 28 running | punct |
| 30 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 28 running | punct |
| 31 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 something | cop |
| 32 | for | for | ADP | _ | 33 something | case |
| 33 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 11 used | conj |
| 34 | happening | happen | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 33 something | acl |
| 35 | right | right | ADV | _ | 36 now | advmod |
| 36 | now | now | ADV | _ | 34 happening | advmod |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 used | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | run in a quote | present | a Lancashire gran = gran | the simple present not said here | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme present=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | use | present · passive | the simple present | for habits and things | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: subject=Theme for habit=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | is | present | things | generally, true property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | run in a quote | present · progressive | a Lancashire gran = gran | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | is | present | the present progressive | for something | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | happen | gerund | now | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:031-tense-consistency-and-verb-forms.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/31-tense-consistency-and-verb-forms/6/