Tense consistency and verb forms, sentence 8

The present perfect uses "have" or "has" plus a past form like eaten, gone or seen: "I have eaten" links a past action to now.

Who acts: Lancashire gran, I · What happens: use, have, eat, see, link · To what, where: past form, past action · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Tense consistency and verb forms» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lancashire gran, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 uses	det
2	present	present	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 uses	amod
3	perfect	perfect	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 uses	amod
4	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 have	punct
6	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 eaten	aux
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 have	punct
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 has	cc
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 has	punct
10	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 have	conj
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 has	punct
12	plus	plus	CCONJ	_	15 form	cc
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 form	det
14	past	past	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 form	amod
15	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 has	conj
16	like	like	SCONJ	_	17 eaten	mark
17	eaten	eat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 form	acl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 gone	punct
19	gone	gone	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 eaten	conj
20	or	or	CCONJ	_	21 seen	cc
21	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	17 eaten	conj
22	:	:	PUNCT	_	26 eaten	punct
23	"	"	PUNCT	_	26 eaten	punct
24	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	26 eaten	nsubj
25	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 eaten	aux
26	eaten	eat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 uses	parataxis
27	"	"	PUNCT	_	26 eaten	punct
28	links	link	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 eaten	conj
29	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	31 action	det
30	past	past	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 action	amod
31	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 links	obj
32	to	to	ADP	_	33 now	case
33	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	28 links	obl
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	26 eaten	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	use	present			tree rules
2	have in a quote	present	a Lancashire gran = gran not said here		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	eat	participle		a past form not said here	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	see	participle			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
5	eat in a quote	present · perfect	a Lancashire gran = gran		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	link	present	I not said here	a past action	vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent action=Patient to now=Co-Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:031-tense-consistency-and-verb-forms.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/31-tense-consistency-and-verb-forms/8/