Active and passive voice, modal verbs, sentence 13
Modal verbs (can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must) help a main verb and show certainty, ability, permission or duty.
Who acts: Modal verbs · What happens: help, show · To what, where: main verb, certainty
This is a sentence of the lesson «Active and passive voice, modal verbs» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Modal verbs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Modal | modal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 verbs | amod |
| 2 | verbs | verb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 help | nsubj |
| 3 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 4 can | punct |
| 4 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 2 verbs | appos |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 can | punct |
| 6 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 can | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 could | punct |
| 8 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 could | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 might | punct |
| 10 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 may | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 will | punct |
| 12 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 could | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 would | punct |
| 14 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 could | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 shall | punct |
| 16 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 could | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 should | punct |
| 18 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 could | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 must | punct |
| 20 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 could | conj |
| 21 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 6 could | punct |
| 22 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 verb | det |
| 24 | main | main | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 verb | amod |
| 25 | verb | verb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 help | obj |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 show | cc |
| 27 | show | show | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 help | conj |
| 28 | certainty | certainty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 show | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 ability | punct |
| 30 | ability | ability | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 certainty | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 permission | punct |
| 32 | permission | permission | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 ability | appos |
| 33 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 34 duty | cc |
| 34 | duty | duty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 permission | conj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 22 help | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | help | infinitive | Modal verbs | a main verb | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent verb=Beneficiary | ||||
| 2 | show | infinitive | Modal verbs not said here | certainty and ability | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent certainty=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:032-active-and-passive-voice-modal-verbs.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R2-punct-next ×4, R6-punct-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/32-active-and-passive-voice-modal-verbs/13/