Planning before writing, sentence 1
Josh started his lost-dog story before the teacher finished talking; ten minutes later the dog was stuck in a cupboard and Josh had no idea how to get it out, because he had never decided on an ending.
Who acts: Josh, teacher, dog · What happens: start, lose, finish, talk, be, have · To what, where: dog story, cupboard, idea
This is a sentence of the lesson «Planning before writing» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Josh, teacher, dog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Josh | Josh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 started | nsubj |
| 2 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 story | nmod:poss |
| 4 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 dog | amod |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 4 lost | punct |
| 6 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 story | compound |
| 7 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 started | obj |
| 8 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 11 finished | mark |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 teacher | det |
| 10 | teacher | teacher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 finished | nsubj |
| 11 | finished | finish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 started | advcl |
| 12 | talking | talk | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 finished | xcomp |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 stuck | punct |
| 14 | ten | ten | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 minutes | nummod |
| 15 | minutes | minute | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 later | obl:unmarked |
| 16 | later | late | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 20 stuck | advmod |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 dog | det |
| 18 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 stuck | nsubj |
| 19 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 stuck | cop |
| 20 | stuck | stuck | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 talking | conj |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 cupboard | case |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 cupboard | det |
| 23 | cupboard | cupboard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 stuck | obl |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 had | cc |
| 25 | Josh | Josh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 had | nsubj |
| 26 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 stuck | conj |
| 27 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 28 idea | det |
| 28 | idea | idea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 had | obj |
| 29 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 31 get | advmod |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 get | mark |
| 31 | get | get | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 idea | acl |
| 32 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 get | obj |
| 33 | out | out | ADP | _ | 31 get | compound:prt |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 decided | punct |
| 35 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 39 decided | mark |
| 36 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 decided | nsubj |
| 37 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 decided | aux |
| 38 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 39 decided | advmod |
| 39 | decided | decide | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 26 had | advcl |
| 40 | on | on | ADP | _ | 42 ending | case |
| 41 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 42 ending | det |
| 42 | ending | ending | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 decided | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 started | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | start | past | Josh | Josh's dog story | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent story=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | lose | participle | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | finish | past | the teacher | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | talk | gerund | the teacher not said here | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | is | past | the dog | a cupboard | late, stuck property | tree rules | |||
| 6 | have | past | Josh | no idea | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent idea=Patient | ||||
| 7 | get out | to-infinitive | Josh not said here | idea | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | not decide | past · perfect | Josh | on a ending | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.theme S»: agent=Agent on ending=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:039-planning-before-writing.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/39-planning-before-writing/1/