Openings that hook the reader, sentence 9
Starting in the middle of the action means the reader is hooked first and learns the background later through small hints.
Who acts: Starting · What happens: start, mean, hook, learn · To what, where: middle, reader, background, small hints · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Openings that hook the reader» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Starting), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Starting | start | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 means | csubj |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 middle | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 middle | det |
| 4 | middle | middle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Starting | obl |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 action | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 action | det |
| 7 | action | action | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 middle | nmod |
| 8 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 reader | det |
| 10 | reader | reader | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 hooked | nsubj |
| 11 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 hooked | aux:pass |
| 12 | hooked | hook | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 means | ccomp |
| 13 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 12 hooked | advmod |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 learns | cc |
| 15 | learns | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 hooked | conj |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 background | det |
| 17 | background | background | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 learns | obj |
| 18 | later | late | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 15 learns | advmod |
| 19 | through | through | ADP | _ | 21 hints | case |
| 20 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 hints | amod |
| 21 | hints | hint | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 learns | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 means | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | start | gerund | the middle of the action | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | mean | present | Starting | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | hook | present · passive | the reader | first property | vn rotate-51.9.1-1 «NP V NP.extent»: subject=Extent | ||||
| 4 | learn | present | the background | small hints | late property | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent background=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:040-openings-that-hook-the-reader.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/40-openings-that-hook-the-reader/9/