Describing: senses, showing and precise words, sentence 10
A strong verb can replace a weak verb plus an adverb: "walked slowly" can become "trudged", "crept" or "dawdled".
Who acts: strong verb · What happens: replace, walk, become, trudge, creep, dawdle · To what, where: weak verb
This is a sentence of the lesson «Describing: senses, showing and precise words» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (strong verb), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 verb | det |
| 2 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 verb | amod |
| 3 | verb | verb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 replace | nsubj |
| 4 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 replace | aux |
| 5 | replace | replace | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 verb | det |
| 7 | weak | weak | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 verb | amod |
| 8 | verb | verb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 replace | obj |
| 9 | plus | plus | CCONJ | _ | 11 adverb | cc |
| 10 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 adverb | det |
| 11 | adverb | adverb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 verb | conj |
| 12 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 14 walked | punct |
| 13 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 walked | punct |
| 14 | walked | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 replace | conj |
| 15 | slowly | slowly | ADV | _ | 14 walked | advmod |
| 16 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 walked | punct |
| 17 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 18 become | aux |
| 18 | become | become | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 walked | advcl |
| 19 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 trudged | punct |
| 20 | trudged | trudge | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 become | xcomp |
| 21 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 trudged | punct |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 crept | punct |
| 23 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 24 crept | punct |
| 24 | crept | creep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 trudged | conj |
| 25 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 24 crept | punct |
| 26 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 28 dawdled | cc |
| 27 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 28 dawdled | punct |
| 28 | dawdled | dawdle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 crept | advcl |
| 29 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 28 dawdled | punct |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 replace | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | replace | can | a strong verb | a weak verb plus a adverb | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme verb=Co-Theme | ||||
| 2 | walk in a quote | past | a strong verb not said here | slowly property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | become | can | a strong verb not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | trudge in a quote | participle | a strong verb not said here | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | creep in a quote | past | a strong verb not said here | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | dawdle in a quote | participle | a strong verb not said here | vn linger-53.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:041-describing-senses-showing-and-precise-words.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/41-describing-senses-showing-and-precise-words/10/