Writing to inform, instruct and persuade, sentence 5
A balanced argument is the fair cousin of persuasion: it gives the reasons on both sides, for example of banning school uniforms, before the writer says what they think at the end.
Who acts: balanced argument, argument, example, writer, reasons · What happens: be, give, ban, say, think · To what, where: fair cousin, reasons, sides, school uniforms, end · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Writing to inform, instruct and persuade» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (balanced argument, argument, example, writer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 argument | det |
| 2 | balanced | balance | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 argument | amod |
| 3 | argument | argument | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 cousin | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 cousin | cop |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 cousin | det |
| 6 | fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 cousin | amod |
| 7 | cousin | cousin | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 persuasion | case |
| 9 | persuasion | persuasion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 cousin | nmod |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 gives | punct |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 gives | nsubj |
| 12 | gives | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 cousin | parataxis |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 reasons | det |
| 14 | reasons | reason | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 gives | obj |
| 15 | on | on | ADP | _ | 17 sides | case |
| 16 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 17 sides | det |
| 17 | sides | side | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 reasons | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 example | punct |
| 19 | for | for | ADP | _ | 20 example | case |
| 20 | example | example | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 reasons | nmod |
| 21 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 22 banning | mark |
| 22 | banning | ban | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 20 example | acl |
| 23 | school | school | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 uniforms | compound |
| 24 | uniforms | uniform | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 banning | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 says | punct |
| 26 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 29 says | mark |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 writer | det |
| 28 | writer | writer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 says | nsubj |
| 29 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 gives | advcl |
| 30 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 32 think | obj |
| 31 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 think | nsubj |
| 32 | think | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 says | ccomp |
| 33 | at | at | ADP | _ | 35 end | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 end | det |
| 35 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 think | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 cousin | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a balanced argument | the fair cousin | of persuasion | tree rules | |||
| 2 | give | present | argument | the reasons | both sides | for example | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent reason=Theme for example=Asset | ||
| 3 | ban | gerund | example not said here | school uniforms | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer uniform=Theme | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | present | the writer | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | think speech: other | present | reasons = reason | at the end | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot what=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:044-writing-to-inform-instruct-and-persuade.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/44-writing-to-inform-instruct-and-persuade/5/