Poetry: simile, metaphor, personification, alliteration, sentence 1

A simile compares two things using "like" or "as" ("The sun is like a golden coin"); a metaphor says one thing IS another ("The sun is a golden coin"), not as a lie but to make you see what they share: round, shiny, gold.

Who acts: simile, sun, metaphor, one thing, you · What happens: compare, use, be, say, make, see · To what, where: two things, golden coin, you · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Poetry: simile, metaphor, personification, alliteration» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (simile, sun, metaphor, one thing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 simile	det
2	simile	simile	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 compares	nsubj
3	compares	compare	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 things	nummod
5	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 compares	obj
6	using	use	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 compares	advcl
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 like	punct
8	like	like	INTJ	_	28 says	discourse
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 like	punct
10	or	or	CCONJ	_	28 says	cc
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	28 says	punct
12	as	as	SCONJ	_	28 says	mark
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 as	punct
14	(	(	PUNCT	_	22 coin	punct
15	"	"	PUNCT	_	22 coin	punct
16	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 sun	det
17	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 coin	nsubj
18	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 coin	cop
19	like	like	ADP	_	22 coin	case
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 coin	det
21	golden	golden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 coin	amod
22	coin	coin	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 says	ccomp
23	"	"	PUNCT	_	22 coin	punct
24	)	)	PUNCT	_	22 coin	punct
25	;	;	PUNCT	_	28 says	punct
26	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	27 metaphor	det
27	metaphor	metaphor	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 says	nsubj
28	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 using	parataxis
29	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	30 thing	nummod
30	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 coin	nsubj
31	IS	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	40 coin	cop
32	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	40 coin	det
33	(	(	PUNCT	_	40 coin	punct
34	"	"	PUNCT	_	40 coin	punct
35	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	36 sun	det
36	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 coin	nsubj
37	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	40 coin	cop
38	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	40 coin	det
39	golden	golden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	40 coin	amod
40	coin	coin	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 says	ccomp
41	"	"	PUNCT	_	40 coin	punct
42	)	)	PUNCT	_	40 coin	punct
43	,	,	PUNCT	_	47 lie	punct
44	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	47 lie	advmod
45	as	as	ADP	_	47 lie	case
46	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	47 lie	det
47	lie	lie	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 says	obl
48	but	but	CCONJ	_	50 make	cc
49	to	to	PART	_	50 make	mark
50	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	28 says	conj
51	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	50 make	obj
52	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	50 make	xcomp
53	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	55 share	obj
54	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	55 share	nsubj
55	share	share	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	52 see	ccomp
56	:	:	PUNCT	_	57 round	punct
57	round	round	ADJ	Degree=Pos	55 share	parataxis
58	,	,	PUNCT	_	59 shiny	punct
59	shiny	shiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	57 round	conj
60	,	,	PUNCT	_	61 gold	punct
61	gold	gold	NOUN	Number=Sing	57 round	conj
62	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 compares	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	compare	present	a simile	two things		vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Patient
2	use	gerund	a simile not said here			vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	is in a quote	present	the sun		like a golden coin	tree rules
4	say speech: assert	present	a metaphor		as a lie	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
5	is a in a quote	present	one thing	another golden coin		tree rules
6	make	to-infinitive	a metaphor not said here	you		tree rules
7	see	infinitive	you not said here			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
8	share	present	simile			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:046-poetry-simile-metaphor-personification-alliteration.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×4, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/46-poetry-simile-metaphor-personification-alliteration/1/