Poetry: simile, metaphor, personification, alliteration, sentence 6

A metaphor says one thing is another for effect, such as "The city is a beast at night"; it is not meant literally, and it is not a lie.

Who acts: metaphor, city · What happens: say, be, not mean, not be · To what, where: beast, city, lie · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Poetry: simile, metaphor, personification, alliteration» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (metaphor, city), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 metaphor	det
2	metaphor	metaphor	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 thing	nummod
5	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 another	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 another	cop
7	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	3 says	ccomp
8	for	for	ADP	_	9 effect	case
9	effect	effect	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 beast	punct
11	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=SCONJ	18 beast	mark
12	as	as	ADP	_	11 such	fixed
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	18 beast	punct
14	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 city	det
15	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 beast	nsubj
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 beast	cop
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 beast	det
18	beast	beast	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 effect	parataxis
19	at	at	ADP	_	20 night	case
20	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 beast	nmod
21	"	"	PUNCT	_	18 beast	punct
22	;	;	PUNCT	_	26 meant	punct
23	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 meant	nsubj:pass
24	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 meant	aux:pass
25	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	26 meant	advmod
26	meant	mean	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 says	conj
27	literally	literally	ADV	_	26 meant	advmod
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 lie	punct
29	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 lie	cc
30	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	34 lie	nsubj
31	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	34 lie	cop
32	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	34 lie	advmod
33	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	34 lie	det
34	lie	lie	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 meant	conj
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a metaphor			for effect	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is a in a quote	present	the city	a beast	night		tree rules
3	not mean	present · passive		city		literally property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
4	not is a	present	city	a lie			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:046-poetry-simile-metaphor-personification-alliteration.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/46-poetry-simile-metaphor-personification-alliteration/6/