Spoken language: presenting and show-and-tell, sentence 11
Visual aids such as slides, pictures or objects help the audience follow, but you should not read the slides out word for word.
Who acts: Visual aids, audience, you · What happens: help, follow, not read out · To what, where: slides
This is a sentence of the lesson «Spoken language: presenting and show-and-tell» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Visual aids, audience, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Visual | visual | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 aids | amod |
| 2 | aids | aid | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 help | nsubj |
| 3 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 5 slides | case |
| 4 | as | as | ADP | _ | 3 such | fixed |
| 5 | slides | slide | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 aids | nmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 pictures | punct |
| 7 | pictures | picture | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 slides | conj |
| 8 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 9 objects | cc |
| 9 | objects | object | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 slides | conj |
| 10 | help | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 audience | det |
| 12 | audience | audience | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 follow | nsubj |
| 13 | follow | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 help | xcomp |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 read | punct |
| 15 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 19 read | cc |
| 16 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 19 read | nsubj |
| 17 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 read | aux |
| 18 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 19 read | advmod |
| 19 | read | read | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 help | conj |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 slides | det |
| 21 | slides | slide | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 read | obj |
| 22 | out | out | ADP | _ | 19 read | compound:prt |
| 23 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 read | obl |
| 24 | for | for | ADP | _ | 25 word | case |
| 25 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 word | nmod |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 help | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- suggest
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | help | present | Visual aids such slides and pictures or objects | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | follow | infinitive | the audience | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | not read out | should | you | the slides | word for word obl | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent slide=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:048-spoken-language-presenting-and-show-and-tell.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R3-conj-first ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/48-spoken-language-presenting-and-show-and-tell/11/